Assessment of urban river water quality using modified NSF water quality index model at Siliguri city, West Bengal, India

A novel approach for estimating and predicting uncertainty in water quality index model using machine learning approaches

“…Juwana et al (2016) and Sutadian et al (2017) found that the sub-index functions and weight generation methods may contribute to the generation of model uncertainty; however, Uddin et al (2022b) implied that the weighting procedure does not have significant effects on model uncertainty. Although recent research concludes that the aggregation function contributes to uncertainty generation (Juwana et al, 2016;Parween et al, 2022;Sutadian et al, 2018), no quantification of uncertainties at this step has yet been performed.…”

Performance analysis of the water quality index model for predicting water state using machine learning techniques

“…Where, WQI b is the basic water quality index; qi is the subindex value of the organic; qj is the inorganic substance; q k is the subindex value of the biological or bacterial groups components; n is the number of components each group quality information into a single numerical value that is well known as the index score (Parween et al, 2022;Uddin et al, 2021Uddin et al, , 2022a. Since the development, its application has increased recently due to its ease of use and simple mathematical operators compared to other hydrological tools (Uddin et al, 2021(Uddin et al, , 2022a.…”

A sophisticated model for rating water quality

“…The WQI indicator selection technique is the primary component of the WQI model that is used to select the crucial indicators for the input of the WQI model (Parween et al, 2022;Uddin et al, 2022a;Uddin et al, 2022f;Uddin et al, 2021). Currently, a number of tools and techniques, including principal component analysis (Guo et al, 2002;Parween et al, 2022;Tao et al, 2016;Uddin et al, 2022a), correlation technique (Ibrahim et al, 2021;Kumar and Chong, 2018), Delphi technique (Almeida et al, 2012;Mladenović-Ranisavljević and Žerajić, 2018;Neary et al, 2001;Smith, 1990), expert panel judgement (House, 1980(House, , 1990, analytical hierarchical process (Sutadian et al, 2018, Sutadian et al, 2017, data availability (Sutadian et al, 2018;Thi Minh Hanh et al, 2010), based on environmental significance of indicators (Horton, 1965;Liou et al, 2004;Said et al, 2004) etc., are widely used for selecting the important water quality indicators in considering the relative importance of indicators in literature (Gupta and Gupta, 2021;Uddin et al, 2021). In an earlier review study, the authors identified a range of techniques that are widely utilized in order to extract the importance indicator in existing WQI models.…”

“…The details of the findings of this critical review can be found in Uddin et al (2021). Recently, several studies have revealed that the entire indicator selection technique contributed a significant amount of uncertainty to the final assessment due to the inappropriate indicator selection (Gupta and Gupta, 2021;Parween et al, 2022;Sutadian et al, 2016;Uddin et al, 2022aUddin et al, , 2022d. In order to reduce the model uncertainty through the indicator selection process, a few studies have utilized different machine learning algorithms like random forest, support vector machine, tree algorithm, gradient boosting algorithm, k-nearest neighbour, artificial neural network, etc.…”

“…Water is an essential component of the environment, but environmental sustainability is dependent on "good" water quality. Surface water is one crucial resource for the management of aquatic ecosystems and their components (Parween et al, 2022;Uddin et al, 2017Uddin et al, , 2018Uddin et al, , 2021Uddin et al, , 2022a. Unfortunately, gradually, the surface water quality has been degraded due to the association of various natural, like hydrological, climatic, topographical, lithological, etc., and anthropogenic events, such as agricultural activities, mining, production and disposal of waste from various sources like industries, municipal activities, domestic waste, medical waste, etc.…”