Assessment of Toxigenic Fusarium Species and Their Mycotoxins in Brewing Barley Grains

Piacentini, Karim C.; Rocha, Liliana O.; Savi, Geovana D.; Carnielli-Queiroz, Lorena; Fontes, Livia de Carvalho; Corrêa, Benedito

doi:10.3390/toxins11010031

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A small collection of FTSC strains was isolated from wheat with symptoms and from air above the canopy reproduced FHB symptoms in wheat at severity levels similar to FGSC (Moreira et al, 2020). A recent survey also showed the presence of FTSC in commercial barley grain from southern Brazil (Piacentini et al, 2019). The concern with an apparent emergence of FTSC among FHB pathogens relates to their toxigenic potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Five‐year survey uncovers extensive diversity and temporal fluctuations among fusarium head blight pathogens of wheat and barley in Brazil

Pereira¹,

Ward

Ponte

et al. 2020

Plant Pathology

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We conducted a five‐year survey (2011–2015) of barley and wheat fields in Paraná state, Brazil, obtaining 754 Fusarium isolates from spikes with fusarium head blight (FHB)‐symptoms. Multilocus genotyping and TEF‐1α gene sequence analyses confirmed the dominance of the F. graminearum species complex (FGSC, 75.7%), but F. poae (11.5%), as well as F. avenaceum and related members of the F. tricinctum species complex (FTSC, 8.1%) appeared as substantial contributors to FHB. Within the FGSC, F. graminearum of the 15‐ADON genotype was dominant (63%), followed by F. meridionale of the NIV genotype (23.1%), F. cortaderiae of the NIV (7%) or 3‐ADON (2.6%) genotypes, and F. austroamericanum (3.8%) of the 3‐ADON genotype. Substantial variation in pathogen composition was observed across years, with F. poae and F. meridionale frequencies significantly elevated in some years. Most F. poae strains produced DAS, diANIV, and butenolide, but not neosolaniol, T‐2, or HT‐2. All FTSC species produced moniliformin. Enniatin production was widespread among FTSC species, with the single F. acuminatum strain found to be the strongest producer of enniatins. Our findings confirm FGSC as a major contributor to FHB and expand considerably our knowledge of the presence, frequency, and conditions under which other pathogens may emerge, altering the spectrum of toxins that may accumulate in grain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Five‐year survey uncovers extensive diversity and temporal fluctuations among fusarium head blight pathogens of wheat and barley in Brazil

Pereira¹,

Ward

Ponte

et al. 2020

Plant Pathology

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“…Another very important fungi mycotoxigenic fungi isolated in maize kernel is the Fusarium species which was just 2% of the total isolates. They are important for their role in causing a wide range of diseases to crops [30] and capable of producing several mycotoxins, including trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins, which are among the economically significant mycotoxins found in maize, rice and wheat (FAO, 2013). Xing et al [31] isolated F. verticillioides (24.77%), F. graminearum (15.08%), Fusarium spp.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoflora of Maize in Niger State, Nigeria

Muhammad

Apeh

Olorunmowaju

et al. 2019

Advanced Research in Life Sciences

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Fungi have been associated with contamination and spoilage of food. These organisms are known to thrive in different weather and environmental conditions. Maize kernel obtained from field, store and market from 25 Local Government Areas of Niger State within the month of August to September were analyzed for fungi occurrence using standard methods. Ten different fungus; Aspergillus niger, A. ochraceus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. parasiticus, Mucor spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp, Yeast and Rhizopus spp, were identified and isolated from the maize kernel. From the agro-ecological zones of the state, the most predominant fungi were Aspergillus species (241/345), Rhizopus spp (41/345) and Mucor spp (37/345) while Penicilium spp and yeast were the least identified. Within the zones, Aspergillus species have the highest occurrence; wet (65/95), driest (63/95), wettest (56/95) and dry zone (54/95) zones. The highest occurrence of fungi was found in the market sample (129) followed by store (112) and field (104). High percentage occurrence of 11.6% was recorded in Suleja, Wushishi, and Borgu Local Government Area, followed by 10. 6, 10.1, 8.7, 9.7, 9.2, 8.7 and 8.2% in Bosso, Tafa, Madalla, Minna, Paiko, Bida and Sabon wuse respectively. Mold species known to be mycotoxin producers were reported in this work. This poses as a risk factor to food safety.

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“…Fusarium species are among the dangerous cereal pathogens with a high toxicity potential. Secondary metabolites of these fungi, such as deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisin B1 are among five most important mycotoxins on a European and world scale [1,3,[11][12][13][14][15] The presence of these metabolites in the grain is the result of the development of Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab). Epidemic occurrence of this disease is the cause of significant economic losses because infestation of heads and panicles of cereals and maize by Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Head Blight, Mycotoxins and Strategies for Their Reduction

Mielniczuk

Skwaryło-Bednarz

2020

Agronomy

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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of microscopic fungi, which commonly contaminate cereal grains. Contamination of small-grain cereals and maize with toxic metabolites of fungi, both pathogenic and saprotrophic, is one of the particularly important problems in global agriculture. Fusarium species are among the dangerous cereal pathogens with a high toxicity potential. Secondary metabolites of these fungi, such as deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisin B1 are among five most important mycotoxins on a European and world scale. The use of various methods to limit the development of Fusarium cereal head diseases and grain contamination with mycotoxins, before and after harvest, is an important element of sustainable agriculture and production of safe food. The applied strategies utilize chemical and non-chemical methods, including agronomic, physical and biological treatments. Biological methods now occupy a special place in plant protection as an element of biocontrol of fungal pathogens by inhibiting their development and reducing mycotoxins in grain. According to the literature, Good Agricultural Practices are the best line of defense for controlling Fusarium toxin contamination of cereal and maize grains. However, fluctuations in weather conditions can significantly reduce the effectiveness of plants protection methods against infection with Fusarium spp. and grain accumulation of mycotoxins.

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Assessment of Toxigenic Fusarium Species and Their Mycotoxins in Brewing Barley Grains

Cited by 40 publications

References 46 publications

Five‐year survey uncovers extensive diversity and temporal fluctuations among fusarium head blight pathogens of wheat and barley in Brazil

Five‐year survey uncovers extensive diversity and temporal fluctuations among fusarium head blight pathogens of wheat and barley in Brazil

Mycoflora of Maize in Niger State, Nigeria

Fusarium Head Blight, Mycotoxins and Strategies for Their Reduction

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