Assessment of toxicity and oxidative DNA damage of sodium hypochlorite, chitosan and propolis on fibroblast cells

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on human fibroblast cell lines of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chitosan and propolis as root canal irrigating solutions. Human fibroblast cells were exposed to chitosan, propolis and NaOCl for 4 and 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by 2,3-bis-(2methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide, and oxidative DNA damage was assessed by determination of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level with an ELISA kit. The data of cell cytotoxicity were analysed statistically using a test of one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of p < 0.05. In the NaOCI group, the 8-OHdG level was higher than in the chitosan group, but there was no statistical difference when compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). It was determined that the irrigation solutions were cytotoxic, depending on the dose and time. NaOCl was the most toxic solution after both 4and 24 h of exposure (p < 0.05). Chitosan and propolis may be alternatives to NaOCl for irrigation solutions, because they are both less toxic and produce less oxidative DNA damage.

Push-Out Bond Strength, Characterization, and Ion Release of Premixed and Powder-Liquid Bioceramic Sealers with or without Gutta-Percha

“…Raman bands assigned to zirconium oxide were present in AH Plus®, EndoSequence® BC Sealer™, and BioRoot™ RCS. It has been reported that ZrO 2 increases radiopacity and does not affect the setting of tricalcium silicate cements in controlled amounts [ 31 ]. Interestingly, ZrO 2 has been related to a greater and longer release of calcium ions of di- and tricalcium silicate-based materials, maintaining long-term bioactivity [ 18 , 32 ].…”

Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities and chemical compositions of Peruvian propolis in an in vitro oral biofilm

“…Previous studies have highlighted apigenin as a flavonoid with considerable antibiofilm potency (Nani et al, 2018;Palomino et al, 2009) due to its ability to increase the permeability of the bacterial membrane, resulting in cellular apoptosis (Zeng et al, 2010). Other studies have highlighted the potential of flavonoids to inhibit the formation of the extracellular polymeric matrix, exposing cells that form biofilms and increasing their susceptibility to antimicrobial therapies (Aydin et al, 2018).…”

Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review

“…It can be successfully used as a chelating substance [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], as a scaffold for the delivery of growth factors [ 56 ], or medications [ 57 ]. Moreover, it can be used as an irrigant solution [ 47 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] with less toxicity than sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine [ 58 , 59 ], as an intracanal medication by itself [ 61 ], or as an adjunct to calcium hydroxide [ 62 , 63 ]. Chitosan can increase the antibacterial efficacy, bond strength, and penetration of root canal sealers, directly or indirectly [ 48 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”