Assessment of TNF-α Gene Expression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Nephropathy

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications, including nephropathy, are a significant public health concern worldwide. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the development and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases, including T2DM and diabetic nephropathy. Objective: To evaluate of TNF-α gene expression in patients with T2DM and nephropathy compared to healthy individuals. Methods: The cross-sectional study conducted on 120 individuals divided into three groups: healthy individuals, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without diabetic nephropathy, and T2DM patients with nephropathy. RNA was extracted and TNF-α gene expression was evaluated using PCR and statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: The results showed almost 4.2-fold induced expression of TNF-α in T2DM patients without nephropathy compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The study reports that in diabetic nephropathy patients, Gene expression of gene TNF-a shows increases in cases when compared with healthy subjects