Assessment of timber extraction distance and skid road network in steep karst terrain

Đuka, Andreja; Grigolato, Stefano; Papa, Ivica; Pentek, Tibor; Poršinsky, Tomislav

doi:10.3832/ifor2471-010

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2. The proper design of forest roads can play an important role in reducing soil disturbance [18,[55][56][57][58][59], and it is important to reduce the trail slope gradient. 3.…”

Section: Limiting and Preventing Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

How and How Much, Do Harvesting Activities Affect Forest Soil, Regeneration and Stands?

2020

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Purpose of Review Lowering the impact of forest utilisation on the forest environment is a part of the improvement in sustainable forest management. As part of forest utilisation, timber harvesting can also cause environmental implications. The main impact of forest operations is on the soil, on regeneration and on the residual stand. The aim of the present review was to identify the state of the art in forest utilisation, identifying how and how much forest operations affect forest soil, regeneration and the remaining stand. Particular attention was paid to the level of impact and potential to limit this. Recent Findings There are a large number of publications tackling forest harvesting, but most of them do not give a comprehensive framework and they mainly focus on one or very few aspects of forest damage. In order to improve general knowledge of the impact of forest operations, it was proposed that the scope of recent findings should be examined and a compilation of the available results from different regions should be presented in one paper. Summary It was found that the least impactful machine-based forest operations were harvester-forwarder technologies, while a larger scale of damage could be expected from ground-based extraction systems (skidders) and cable yarders. Animal power, if applicable, tended to be very neutral to the forest environment. A decrease in damage is possible by optimising skid trail and strip road planning, careful completion of forest operations and training for operators. The existence of legal documents controlling post-harvesting stand damage are rare and have been implemented in only two countries; there is no post-harvesting control on soil damage and natural regeneration.

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“…2. The proper design of forest roads can play an important role in reducing soil disturbance [18,[55][56][57][58][59], and it is important to reduce the trail slope gradient. 3.…”

Section: Limiting and Preventing Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

How and How Much, Do Harvesting Activities Affect Forest Soil, Regeneration and Stands?

2020

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“…Thus, slope of the skid trail is one of the main factors that affects productivity. The skidding distance is other important factor on operation time which reflects the overall productivity (Borz et al 2015;Đuka et al 2017;Gilanipoor et al 2012). On the other hand, undoubtedly terrain conditions and operator experiences also influence the productivity of harvesting methods (Mousavi and Naghdi 2014).…”

Section: Time Study and Statistical Analysis -Studija Vremena I Statimentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity of a farm tractor with single drum winch during whole-tree timber extraction

Gülci

2020

Šumar. list (Online)

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In forested areas with difficult terrain conditions the cost of forest harvesting operations is of great importance. This situation affects the technology standards of tools and equipment used in forestry operations. Especially in developing countries modified farm tractors are widely used as effective tools for transporting timber from stump to landing areas. In this study, productivity of the farm tractor with front-mounted single drum winch designed for multipurpose use in forestry operations was evaluated during whole-tree harvesting operation. The total cost of used system (tractor and winch) is approximately 19580 € (Euro). Time and motion study was implemented by using repetitive time measurement technique during two step timber extraction operation. The effects of main factors such as tree diameter, height, volume, and skidding distance on the total operation time were investigated and then linear regression analysis was performed to develop the mathematical models for whole-tree extraction methods. Time study data resulted that winching trees to the prebunching area was the most time consuming work stage in uphill winching method while skidding trees backward to landing was less time consuming work stage in skidding method. The average productivity of uphill winching and skidding whole-tree was as 12.98 m 3 / hour and 14.30 m 3 /hour, respectively. The cost of uphill winching and skidding was 10.77 €/hour and 11.87 €/ hour, respectively. It can be concluded that the single-drum hydraulic system, which is mounted on the front of the tractor, can be used as an alternative harvesting equipment especially for uphill winching operations in small scale forestry operations.

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“…Thus, it was possible to assess and plan the most suitable extraction system focusing on the minimization of the total costs of timber extraction. Enache et al [14] and Duka et al [15] developed different GIS models to calculate extraction distance, including correction factors to consider road sinuosity and slope variation.…”

Section: Gis Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Contributions of Some Fields of the Electronics in Development of Forest Operations Technologies

et al. 2019

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In the last years, there has been a growing need to improve forest-wood chain concerning all three pillars of sustainability (economic, environmental, and social). Using electronic systems, in particular GIS, GNSS, and various kinds of sensors related to forest harvesting, is clearly one of the most powerful instruments to reach this aim. The contribution of these tools to forest operation is wide and various. One of the most important application was integrating ICT and GPS/GNSS on-board systems on modern forest machines. This allowed one to ensure multiple benefits to forest operation field. On the one hand, electronic systems, and particularly GIS, could be used to improve forest harvesting with a previous planning of the skid trails network, in order to minimize utilization impacts and risks for operators, ensuring at the same time high work productivity. Moreover, GIS developed files could also be implemented in modern forest machine GPS/GNSS systems, helping forest machines operators to move only along a designed skid trails network or making it possible to avoid restricted access areas. On the other hand, modern forest machines could be equipped with complex and accurate sensors that are able to determine, register, and share information about wood biomass quantity and quality and even undertake economic evaluation of stumpage value. Finally, the input and output of these systems and sensors could be implemented in a decision support system (DSS) ensuring the best silvicultural and operative alternative from a sustainable forest management point of view. A detailed review of the contribution of electronics in the development of forest operations is provided here.

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Assessment of timber extraction distance and skid road network in steep karst terrain

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

How and How Much, Do Harvesting Activities Affect Forest Soil, Regeneration and Stands?

How and How Much, Do Harvesting Activities Affect Forest Soil, Regeneration and Stands?

Productivity of a farm tractor with single drum winch during whole-tree timber extraction

Recent Contributions of Some Fields of the Electronics in Development of Forest Operations Technologies

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