Assessment of three indigenous South African herbivores as potential reservoirs and vectors of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli

King, Tracy; Schmidt, Štefan

doi:10.1007/s10344-017-1100-y

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Canis latrans has been identified as harbouring atypical enteropathogenic E. coli and may serve as a reservoir in agricultural areas near the United States-Mexico border ( 91 ). Wild Equus burchellii have been found to harbour antibiotic resistant E. coli in South Africa ( 92 ) and Tanzania ( 93 ), and captive Equus zebra hartmannae have been found with antibiotic resistant E. coli ( 94 ). Similarly, antibiotic resistant E. coli have been found in captive Saguinus geoffroyi ( 95 ).…”

Section: Supplementary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting missing links in global host-parasite networks

Farrell

Elmasri

Stephens

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parasites that infect multiple species cause major health burdens globally, but 1 for many, the full suite of susceptible hosts is unknown. Proactive disease 2 surveillance involves gathering host-parasite association data, predicting miss-3 ing links, and targeting efforts towards the most likely undocumented interac-4 tions. Using the largest global network of mammal host-parasite interactions 5 amalgamated to date (>29,000 interactions), we predict undocumented links 6 and conduct targeted literature searches. We find evidence for many of the 7 top "missing" links, including parasites of humans, domesticated animals, and 8 endangered wildlife, and identify regions such as tropical and central Amer-9 ica as likely hotspots of undocumented associations. This approach of iterated 10 prediction and targeted surveillance may help reduce disease burdens by iden-11 tifying undocumented reservoir species, cryptic transmission pathways, and 12 predicting future host-parasite interactions. 14Most disease-causing organisms of humans and domesticated animals can infect multiple species 15 (1, 2), which has ramifications for biodiversity conservation (3) and human health via direct 16 infection, food insecurity, and diminished livelihoods (4). The human burden of multi-host dis-17 eases falls largely on the world's poor livestock keepers (5), many of which live in biodiversity 18 hotspots (6) where resources for disease surveillance and reporting are lacking (7). Despite the 19 severe burdens they impose, we do not know the full range of susceptible host species for the 20 majority of infectious organisms (8). For a given parasite, knowledge of susceptible hosts is 21 critical for understanding disease spread and persistence in multi-host systems (9). Predicting 22 the suite of potential host species for known infectious diseases may also allow for more effec-23 tive disease control and eradication, rapid response following disease emergence (i.e. increases 24 in prevalence, geographic spread, or infection of novel host species), and reducing the risk of 25 disease spillover through limiting cross-species contact of potential hosts (10,11,12,13). 26While investigation into the specific ecologies, potential reservoirs, and susceptible hosts 27 often takes place after infectious organisms have emerged as public health threats, iterative pre-28 diction and verification of likely host species provides one approach to surveillance that can 29 strengthen capacities for disease monitoring and control of multi-host pathogens before emer-30 gence (14). By predicting undocumented host species for known infectious diseases, we can ef-31 ficiently gather baseline knowledge of the diversity of host-parasite interactions, ultimately sup-32 porting the development of fundamental theory in disease ecology and evolution, and strength-33 ening disease control and surveillance for multi-host pathogens. This form of proactive disease 34 surveillance involves synthesizing current knowledge of host-parasite associations, identifying 35 gaps, pr...

show abstract

Section: Supplementary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting missing links in global host-parasite networks

Farrell

Elmasri

Stephens

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been found that antibiotic-resistant genes in the soil, produced by fungi and bacteria in the soil, such as Actinobacteria , are similar to those found in clinical settings in human pathogens, suggesting that one of the main originators of antibiotic resistance is, in fact, the environmental microbiota [ 10 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Other studies have also found antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates from wildlife species and the natural environment, along with more frequent documentation of zoonotic disease infections, and suggest that wildlife could serve as a reservoir and transfer vector of antibiotic resistance of environmental origin [ 5 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grazing/browsing nature of the game species analysed in this study may also play a part in the transfer and development of antibiotic resistance as grazing allows for more direct contact with the soil bacteria, which is said to contain naturally produced antimicrobial compounds and the accompanying antibiotic-resistant genes. King and Schmidt [ 5 ] revealed that the antibiotic resistance levels of bacteria from wildebeest and zebra (grazers) were higher than those from giraffe (browser), indicating the influence of soil bacteria on antibiotic resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transfer of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be bi-directional at the wildlife–livestock interface, as both species can be sources of antibiotic-resistant bacteria [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. There is evidence that transmission of microorganisms, whether it is antibiotic-resistant or disease-causing microorganisms, occurs between livestock and wildlife, demonstrated by numerous outbreaks of wildlife-associated diseases, such as Foot and Mouth disease and African swine fever, which have spread to domestic livestock [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although limited, studies have found conflicting results on whether co-grazing results in significant antibiotic resistance transfer between species. This type of farming system can act as a vector in the geographical spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic-resistant patterns between co-grazing and non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife species in South Africa. Escherichia coli was isolated from the faeces of various wildlife and livestock species from two farms in South Africa and was tested for antibiotic resistance using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphafurazole, and tetracycline. A selection of some common antibiotic-resistant genes (blaCMY, aadA1, sul1, sul2, tetA, and tetB) were detected using PCR. The E. coli isolates from wildlife and livestock that co-grazed showed no significant differences in antibiotic resistance patterns. However, this was not the case for tetracycline resistance as the livestock isolates were significantly more resistant than the co-grazing wildlife isolates. The E. coli isolates from the non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife had significant differences in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns; the wildlife E. coli isolates were significantly more resistant to sulphafurazole and streptomycin than the livestock isolates, whilst those isolated from the cattle were significantly more resistant to ampicillin than the wildlife and sheep isolates. The results of this study suggest that there could be an exchange of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes between livestock and wildlife that co-graze.

show abstract

“…The grazing/browsing nature of the game species analysed in this study may also play a part in the transfer and development of antibiotic resistance, as the action of grazing allows more direct contact with the soil bacteria that is known to contain naturally produced antibiotic compounds and the accompanying antibiotic resistant genes [32].…”

Section: Overall Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Study: Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus Species from Wildlife Species Subjected to Supplementary Feeding on Various South African Farms

Honert

Gouws

Hoffman

2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies have shown that antibiotic resistance among wild animals is becoming a public health concern, owing to increased contact and co-habitation with domestic animals that, in turn, results in increased human contact, indirectly and directly. This type of farming practice intensifies the likelihood of antibiotic resistant traits in microorganisms transferring between ecosystems which are linked via various transfer vectors, such as rivers and birds. This study aimed to determine whether the practice of wildlife supplementary feeding could have an influence on the antibiotic resistance of the bacteria harboured by the supplementary fed wildlife, and thus play a potential role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance throughout nature. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus were isolated from the faeces of various wildlife species from seven different farms across South Africa. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2018 guidelines. The E. coli (F: 57%; N = 75% susceptible) and Enterococcus (F: 67%; N = 78% susceptible) isolates from the supplementary fed (F) wildlife were in general, found to be more frequently resistant to the selection of antibiotics than from those which were not supplementary fed (N), particularly towards tetracycline (E. coli F: 56%; N: 71%/Enterococcus F: 53%; N: 89% susceptible), ampicillin (F: 82%; N = 95% susceptible) and sulphafurazole (F: 68%; N = 98% susceptible). Interestingly, high resistance towards streptomycin was observed in the bacteria from both the supplementary fed (7% susceptible) and non-supplementary fed (6% susceptible) wildlife isolates. No resistance was found towards chloramphenicol and ceftazidime.

show abstract

Assessment of three indigenous South African herbivores as potential reservoirs and vectors of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Predicting missing links in global host-parasite networks

Predicting missing links in global host-parasite networks

Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa

A Preliminary Study: Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus Species from Wildlife Species Subjected to Supplementary Feeding on Various South African Farms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About