Assessment of the visual landscape quality based on the subjectivist paradigm to design the memorial garden

Abstract

Assessment of the visual landscape quality is a core part of studies in landscape and urban projects. The landscape visual assessment has been carried out on the basis of two paradigms; objectivist and subjectivist paradigms. This research is a case of landscape evaluation based on the subjectivist or psychological paradigm. The purpose of the research is to understand the beholder's perception of the visual quality of landscape and to use it in the design of a war memorial garden. In this article, three main holistic concepts formed during the war (war between Iran and Iraq) are determined, and then seniors majoring landscape architecture were asked to define these concepts for each the landscape elements. Then three dominant views of the site were scored according to the students' perceptions and finally zoning of the site was proposed. This article emphasizes on the perception-based approaches in landscape studies and the opportunities that the current landscape of the site may have in order to imply the specific concepts. To design a symbolic or memorial place, the perceptions conveyed by the visual elements of the landscape have impressive role in making decision about the land uses and will lead to a more sustainable and dynamic memorial spaces.

Assessment of landscape quality based on the perception of people: study of two parks in Newcastle upon Tyne

“…1 Structure of the study. sign approach) and subjectivist (community perception-based approach), which differ in terms of their specific views on landscapes (Pouya and Behbahani 2017). In the former, the visual quality is considered to be inherent to landscapes and in the latter the quality is in the eye of the beholder (Lothian 1999;De Val et al 2006).…”

“…The human aspect is acknowledged in terms of viewpoints, location, number of viewers and sensitivity (Daniel 2001). In contrast, the perception-based approach emphasizes the human view of landscapes (Wu et al 2006) and regards landscape quality as being in the eye of the beholder (Pouya and Behbahani 2017). Various landscape studies using this approach introduce derived perceptual factors of landscape (Daniel 2001) and the emotional responses of people to different landscapes.…”

“…In such a study of the visual quality of urban landscapes Keshtkaran et al (2017) use elements of visual design to assess their physical quality using pictures (Bell 2004). Pouya and Behbahani (2017), in a similar study, use pictures to assess the quality of the landscapes in two memorial gardens. In addition, to the physical elements of landscape other concepts such as stewardship, coherence, disturbance, historicity, visual scale, image ability, complexity and naturalness are identified in the review of the key concepts of landscape quality by Tveit and Fry (2006).…”

Comparison of Various Methods on Aesthetic Visual Quality Assessment

“…Buna karşılık psikolojik (sübjektivist) modelde, kapsamı açıklanmış peyzaj özellikleri, estetik ölçütlerce -alanında uzman kişilerle-analiz edilmek yerine; halkın psikolojik, sosyal ve kültürel altyapısına bağlı olarak değişen tercihlerin istatistiksel yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesini kapsamaktadır. Fiziksel (objektivist-uzman) modelin, toplumun istek, ihtiyaç ve tercihlerini doğrudan yansıtma konusunda yetersiz kalması nedeniyle psikolojik (sübjektivist) modele göre daha az güvenilir olduğu birçok çalışmada belirtilmiştir (Daniel 2001;Temelli 2008;Tüfekçioğlu 2008;Pouya ve Behbahani 2017). Her iki yaklaşım da peyzaj kalitesinin, peyzajın biyolojik süreci ve gözlemcinin algı yeteneği arasındaki etkileşimden kaynaklandığını kabul etmektedir ancak bu iki yaklaşım arasındaki fark, uzmanların ve kullanıcıların karşılıklı hâkimiyeti olarak görülmektedir.…”