Assessment of the synergistic interactions of levofloxacin and ampicillin against Enterococcus faecium by the checkerboard agar dilution and time-kill methods

Structural, spectral and potentiometric characterization, and antimicrobial activity studies of [Zn(phen)2(cnge)(H2O)](NO3)2 · H2O

“…The suspensions were adjusted to 0.5 McFarland standard turbidity ($10 8 colony forming units (CFU) per milliliter). Cultures were diluted in 0.85% saline solution to a density of 1 Â 10 7 CFU mL À1 [16][17][18].…”

“…The MIC was defined as the lowest dilution of the complex that inhibited visible growth of the test organism. A single colony or a faint haze caused by the inoculum was considered to be no growth [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. …”

Levofloxacin Disposition in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients with External Ventriculostomy

“…The findings provide support for trials of levofloxacin with twice-daily dosing in combination with a reference beta-lactam for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults. This cotreatment could be useful both for overcoming Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance and for enabling optimal exposure of the CSF to at least one antibacterial agent for the overall treatment period.Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic characterized by a broad antimicrobial spectrum that covers, among other organisms, the pathogens most frequently responsible for acute bacterial meningitis (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Escherichia coli) and also other sporadic agents of central nervous system (CNS) infections, such as Streptococcus agalactiae (13).In in vitro studies based on the time-kill curve method, levofloxacin was recently shown to exhibit synergistic (or at least additive) activity with some beta-lactam antibiotics against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms (11,27,33,35). The degree of this synergy was sometimes of the same extent as that which occurs between beta-lactams and aminoglycosides (4).…”

“…In in vitro studies based on the time-kill curve method, levofloxacin was recently shown to exhibit synergistic (or at least additive) activity with some beta-lactam antibiotics against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms (11,27,33,35). The degree of this synergy was sometimes of the same extent as that which occurs between beta-lactams and aminoglycosides (4).…”

In vitro effect of levofloxacin and vancomycin combination against high level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci

“…Against both a levofloxacin intermediate, ampicillinresistant isolate, and a highly levofloxacin-resistant, ampicillin-resistant isolate, none of the ampicillin-levofloxacin combinations tested demonstrated a synergistic interaction [15]. Combinations of ofloxacin with teicoplanin showed additive or indifferent interaction against Gram-positive isolates [16].…”