Assessment of the risk of Legionella pneumophila in water distribution systems in hospitals of Tehran city

Kermani, Majid; Chegini, Zahra; Mirkalantari, Shiva; Norzaee, Samira

doi:10.1007/s10661-022-10469-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Legionella species are the causative agents of either Pontiac Fever, a flu like non-fatal disease, or Legionnaires' Disease (LD), an atypical form of pneumonia with much more severe symptoms which can be fatal. Legionella pneumophila is the commonest cause of LD, accounting for almost 85% of cases (Papagianeli et al, 2021;Kermani et al, 2022). The most common transmission route of LD is through inhaling of Legionella contaminated aerosols, resulting in subsequent pulmonary infection (Kermani et al, 2022) (Volker et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Legionella pneumophila is the commonest cause of LD, accounting for almost 85% of cases (Papagianeli et al, 2021;Kermani et al, 2022). The most common transmission route of LD is through inhaling of Legionella contaminated aerosols, resulting in subsequent pulmonary infection (Kermani et al, 2022) (Volker et al, 2016). As the notification rate for Legionellosis has risen to 1.8/100.000 which is the highest ever recorded in the EU, it is critical to prevent the Legionella contamination of artificial water systems, which pose the biggest threat for human infection (Papagianeli et al, 2021;Kermani et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-criterion analysis of the effect of physico-chemical microbiological agents on Legionella detection in hotel water distribution systems in Crete

Chochlakis,

Sandalakis,

Ntoukakis

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionWater distribution systems in hotels have been related to outbreaks caused by Legionella spp. Certain measures, including disinfection by chlorination, maintaining increased temperatures are usually undertaken to prevent Legionella outbreaks. However, these preventive strategies are not always effective, since there are several factors (e.g., synergistic interactions with other microbes, physico-chemical factors, biofilm formation, availability of nutrients) that promote survival and proliferation of the pathogen in water pipes., Accordingly, there is a need of a holistic approach in development of preventive models for Legionella outbreaks associated with water distribution systems.MethodsWater samples were collected from hotel water systems and were tested for the presence of Legionella, E. coli, total coliforms, total mesophilic count and Pseudomonas. In each sample, temperature and chlorine were also tested. Other epidemiological factors were additionally recorded including number of rooms, stars, proximity of sampling point to the boiler, etc. Data were processed by generalized linear analysis, and modeling based on logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictive factors associated with the presence of Legionella in hotel water systems.ResultsAccording to the generalized linear model, temperature affected (p<0.05) the presence of Legionella regardless of the species or the water supply (hot or cold). Additionally, opportunistic (P. aeruginosa) or non-opportunistic (E. coli, coliforms) pathogens were significantly associated (p<0.05) with the presence of all Legionella species. Temperature also exhibited a positive effect to all pathogens tested except for Pseudomonas according to the linear model. Multivariate analysis showed that Pseudomonas, total coliforms, HPC and temperature had a statistically significant effect on the presence of Legionella. Based on a binomial model, cold water had a positive effect on Legionella. Type of sampling and proximity of the sample to the boiler seemed to pose different effect on Legionella depending on the cfu/L. The number of hotel stars and rooms did not appear to have any effect in all tested models.DiscussionCollectively, these results indicate the need for development of individualized water safety plans tailored by the presence of other microbiological agents, and unique physico-chemical factors, which could facilitate the survival of Legionella.in hotel water systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criterion analysis of the effect of physico-chemical microbiological agents on Legionella detection in hotel water distribution systems in Crete

Chochlakis,

Sandalakis,

Ntoukakis

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Examinations on the cultivated bacteria from the drinking water system of a healthcare building

Miseta,

Gregosits,

Kiss

et al. 2024

BIO Web Conf.

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The aim of our research was the identification of nosocomial pathogens found in the internal drinking water network of healthcare facilities which can cause infections in hospitals. In this study, the composition of bacterial communities from the internal water network of a health institution in Győr (Hungary) was examined using standard culturebased methods. Identification of the bacterial isolates was performed using Analytical Profile Index (API). Members of 13 bacterial taxa were recovered from a multi-storey healthcare institution. 10 species were identified via API20E and API20NE testing, out of which isolates of genera Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas were found in the highest proportion on different media. These bacteria can cause nosocomial infections in clinical environments, leading to serious illnesses mainly in patients, as they may have multiresistance genes. In addition, Legionella species were also identified in the water samples, which are also known to be nosocomial pathogens, since they can be spread with aerosols in hospital environments and can cause severe respiratory diseases in immunocompromised individuals.

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Applications of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to Respiratory Pathogens and Implications for Uptake in Policy: A State-of-the-Science Review

Tang,

Rhoads,

Eichelberg

et al. 2024

Environ Health Perspect

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Assessment of the risk of Legionella pneumophila in water distribution systems in hospitals of Tehran city

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Multi-criterion analysis of the effect of physico-chemical microbiological agents on Legionella detection in hotel water distribution systems in Crete

Multi-criterion analysis of the effect of physico-chemical microbiological agents on Legionella detection in hotel water distribution systems in Crete

Examinations on the cultivated bacteria from the drinking water system of a healthcare building

Applications of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to Respiratory Pathogens and Implications for Uptake in Policy: A State-of-the-Science Review

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