Assessment of the restoration of a degraded semi-humid evergreen broadleaf forest ecosystem by combined single-indicator and comprehensive model method

Wang, Zhen Hong; Daun, Chuanqun; Li, Yuan; Rao, Jing; Zhou, Zizong; Ju, Li; Yang, Chengbo; Xu, Wanying

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.01.006

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…On the contrary, the establishment of Eucalyptus plantations does have positive impacts on reducing soil erosion due to the rainfall extreme events (Zhao 1988, Zhou et al 2002. Besides, over-fertilization reduces understory vegetation and groundcover diversity (Evans 1976, Wang et al 2010. Furthermore, the introduction of exotic species and single-layered plantations can make these stands susceptible to insects and diseases (Hu et al 2006, Larjavaara 2008, You et al 2015.…”

Section: Ecological Effects Of Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5) Monoculture, repeated planting, short rotations and clear-cutting can directly threaten plantation sustainability (Minghe & Ritchie 1999, Widenfalk & Weslien 2009, Wang et al 2010. By contrast, the complex structure of the mixed forest may favor the productivity and the conservation of biodiversity (Erskine et al 2006, Forrester et al 2006, Grossiord et al 2013, Mayoral et al 2017, Dong et al 2018, Zemp et al 2019.…”

Section: Measures To Improve Forest Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of plantation forests in the sustainable forest development of China

Farooq¹,

Shakoor²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

iForest

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Biogeosciences and Forestry Biogeosciences and Forestry Perspectives of plantation forests in the sustainable forest development of ChinaTaimoor Hassan Farooq (1-2) , Awais Shakoor (3) , Xiaohong Wu (1-2) , Yong Li (1-2) , Muhammad Haroon U Rashid (4) , Xiang Zhang (1-2) , Matoor Mohsin Gilani (4) , Uttam Kumar (5) , Xiaoyong Chen (2-6) , Wende Yan (1-2) Modern forestry is gradually moving towards man-made forests on a large scale. Plantations with advanced forestry system have been introduced with the goal of sustainable forestry development and to enhance social, ecological, and economic benefits. Forest plantations with native and exotic species have been established in China and worldwide with shorter rotation cycles than natural forests. In this paper, we discuss the role and perspectives of plantation forests in the Chinese sustainable forest development, the evolution of various plantation programs, the ecological effects of plantations, and the measures to improve plantation forestry. The Chinese government has given substantial importance to nurturing plantation forest resources through various large scale afforestation programs. In 2019, the total area covered by plantations in China reached 79.54 million ha, with a stock volume of 3.39 billion m³ (59.30 m³ per ha); coniferous forests (26.11 million ha, 32.83%) and broad-leaved forests (26.45 million ha, 33.25%) are the dominant types. Plantations have been primarily distributed in the central and southern parts of the country. Plantations with fast-growing and high-yielding tree species facilitated Chinese afforestation activities and improved the administration of forest production, which effectively boosted the forest industry. Plantation forest resources offer many potential productive, economic, and social advantages, though they are also associated with a loss of biodiversity and climate change makes them likely susceptible to disease and insect attack. Appropriate forest management practices during planning, execution, and maintenance of plantations can contribute to the conservation, promotion, and restoration of biodiversity, with the final aim of attaining a balance between having forest plantations and natural forests.

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Section: Ecological Effects Of Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measures To Improve Forest Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of plantation forests in the sustainable forest development of China

Farooq¹,

Shakoor²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

iForest

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“…Available literature documents that vegetation restoration decreased soil pH because of the increase of CO 2 produced by root respiration, organic acids secreted by roots, and the increase of acidic substances from the decomposition of litter (Wu and Brookes 2005;Peng et al 2011). Accretions in soil CEC are associated with increasing SOM during the vegetation restoration process (Wang et al 2010b). This study also indicated that both the quantity and quality of SOM increased significantly with the Note: SOM is soil organic matter, SOC is soil organic carbon, ROC is readily oxidization carbon, NAOC is non-active organic carbon, TL is toper layer and LL is lower layer, AD is Artemisia desertorum,…”

Section: Effects Of Vegetation Restoration On Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desert Soil Properties after Thirty Years of Vegetation Restoration in Northern Shaanxi Province of China

Yang

Shukla

et al. 2015

Arid Land Research and Management

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The vegetation restoration sequence of ''grass-shrub-tree'' has been successfully employed in many degraded areas; however, its applicability in desertified area reclamation is questionable. In this study, soil properties of a desertified land in the northern Shaanxi province of China were determined to assess the performance of this restoration sequence. Soil samples were collected from a contiguous area consisting of a control area of original desertified land (bare control) and three vegetation restoration sequence communities (continuous grass, grass-shrubs, and grass-shrub-trees) for 30 years. Results indicate that revegetation on the desertified area decreased soil bulk density (BD) and increased soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available nutrients (N, P, and K), and readily oxidizable carbon (ROC). Nonactive organic carbon (NAOC) and carbon pool management index (CMI) also improved in the top soil layer but not in the lower layer. Soil texture as well as total potassium (TK) and phosphorus (TP) did not change significantly. Comparing the three vegetation restoration communities, soil physical properties, SOM, and available nutrient content improved in grassland and shrubland, but declined in treeland, lability of C (L) was higher in the top layer of restored area than in bare control. L was 0.35-0.54 in grassland, 0.49-0.57 in shrubland, 0.43-0.52 in treeland, and 0.24 to 0.26 in bare control. Results of this study indicate that vegetation restoration on desertified land can improve soil properties. However, the popular restoration sequence of ''grass-shrub-tree'' is not appropriate for the restoration of semi-arid study area with low precipitation.

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“…On the other hand, if "forest degradation" is related to the global change mitigation, indicators should point out the loss of trees and their carbon stocks down (Sazaki et al, 2011). Synthetizing, a comprehensive index able to detect "forest degradation" and to support the prioritization of sites for forest restoration is needed (Wang et al, 2010;Ochoa-Gaona et al, 2010;Orsi et al, 2011;Thompson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An index for the assessment of degraded Mediterranean forest ecosystems

2015

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Aim of study: Diagnosing the degradation degree of forest ecosystems is the basis for restoration strategies. However, there is no literature documenting how to quantify the forest degradation degree by using synthetic indicators, also because there is not a widely accepted definition for "forest degradation" and "degraded forest". Although there are many definitions of forest degradation that converge on the loss of ecosystem services, still today there are no largely accepted methods that give operational guidance to help in defining it. In the present research, with the aim to assess the degree of forest degradation, an integrated index -FDI, Forest Degradation Index -was developed.Area of study: In this first application, the FDI was applied and validated at stand level in two different Mediterranean forest types in two different case studies: Madonie and Nedrodi regional Parks (Sicily, Italy). The first dominated by sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. subsp. austrotyrrhenica Brullo, Guarino & Siracusa], the second dominated by cork oak (Quercus suber L.).Material and methods: FDI is a synthetic index structured starting from representative and relatively easily detectable parameters. Here, we propose a set of six indicators that should be assessed to determine the forest degradation: Structural Index (SI), Canopy Cover (CC), Natural Regeneration Density (NRD), Focal Species of Degradation (FSD), Coarse Woody Debris (CWD), and Soil Depth (SD). FDI, here proposed and discussed, has been based on a MCDA (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis) approach using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique, and implemented in order to contribute in finding simple indicators useful for forest restoration purposes that have an eco-functional basis.Main results: An integrated index of forest degradation has been defined. FDI values are comprised in the closed interval [0, 10], ranging from class I (Higher ecological functionality) to class IV (Lower ecological functionality). A forest fallen in the FDI-IV class can be defined degraded. In this first application, degradation occurs in SA-4 and in SB-4 where the lowest values (qualitative and quantitative) of the indicators were recorded and the FDI reach the minimum value.Research highlights: FDI has proved to be a useful tool at stand level in identifying a threshold value below which a forest can be termed as 'degraded'. In turn, FDI assumes the meaning of descriptor of the ecological functionality. Future development of the FDI will provide an extension of the application at landscape scale exploiting the potential advantages in coupling MCDA and GIS (Geographical Information Systems) techniques.

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Assessment of the restoration of a degraded semi-humid evergreen broadleaf forest ecosystem by combined single-indicator and comprehensive model method

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Perspectives of plantation forests in the sustainable forest development of China

Perspectives of plantation forests in the sustainable forest development of China

Desert Soil Properties after Thirty Years of Vegetation Restoration in Northern Shaanxi Province of China

An index for the assessment of degraded Mediterranean forest ecosystems

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