Assessment of the pattern of antibiotics use in pediatrics ward of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia

Alemnew, Gizework; Atnafie, Seyfe Asrade

doi:10.5897/ijmms2014.1101

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…A similar picture was found in Ethiopia [14] and Nigeria. [15] Possible explanations include drug availability, the presence of nonspecific infections, such as upper respiratory tract infections, empirical treatment, and prophylactic use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…[13,23] The reasons for parenteral use included the clinical condition of the patient, the need for rapid action, the belief that injectable antibiotics are more potent, and the availability of injectable antibiotics. [14,16,23,24] Children <5 years old received antibiotics more often than older children, possibly owing to more severe clinical conditions in younger patients. [25] In addition, regardless of laboratory confirmation, clinical conditions played an important role in the use of antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of antibiotic prescription in paediatric patients: The case of two hospitals in Maputo, Mozambique

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of antibiotic prescription in paediatric patients: The case of two hospitals in Maputo, Mozambique

et al. 2017

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“…Similar studies in Ethiopia and Tanzania showed that pneumonia was implicated as the most common reason for hospitalisation. [16][17][18][19] This implies that pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and hospitalisation among children in these African countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic prescribing practices for hospitalised children with suspected bacterial infections in a paediatric hospital in Nigeria

Egbuchulam

Anyika

Soremekun

2018

JHA

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Background: The burden of infectious diseases among Nigerian children is high. These children are often prescribed antibiotics during periods of hospitalisation. Unfortunately antibiotic resistance (ABR) threatens the availability and efficacy of antibiotics for use by vulnerable children and the future generations. Monitoring prescribing trends in our hospital as a means of identifying targets for improving prescribing is inevitable. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing practices for hospitalised children with suspected bacterial infections in a Paediatric hospital in Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective survey was carried out using case notes of previously hospitalised patients admitted between January and June 2016. Data from 150 case notes of patients admitted for suspected bacterial infections were collected using a predesigned data collection form. Patients' demographics, infection type, details of prescribed antibiotics, length of hospital stay and microbiological assessments were noted. Data were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. Means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous (numerical) variables. Correlation was also employed in the analysis. Results: Of the 150 patients, 53.3% were males and 86% were children under 5 years of age. The mean duration of hospital stay was 7.59 (± 5.4) days. The most common infections were respiratory tract infection (32%) and sepsis (31.3%). The most common empirically prescribed antibiotics at the onset of admission were Gentamicin and a fixed dose combination of Ampicillin/Cloxacillin which were prescribed for 64.7% and 52.7% of the patients respectively. Cultures were ordered for only 7 (4.7%) of patients at the onset of hospitalisation. All antibiotics administered on admission were parenteral formulations and only 4% of the patients had their antibiotic switched to oral route on or before the third day of patients' admission. Another 71.3% were converted to oral formulations on the day of discharge from the hospital. A total of 87.3% were discharged on antibiotics and the most commonly prescribed antibiotic at discharge was Cefixime (37.2% of antibiotics prescribed as take home medication). Conclusions: Antibiotics were started empirically in all cases and cultures were ordered for few patients at the start of antibiotic therapy. Cultures should be more frequently ordered in the hospital to guide antibiotic prescribing for patients admitted for suspected bacterial infections. In addition, timely intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) antibiotic switch should be practised whenever appropriate. Educating physicians on the benefits of early switch from IV to PO formulations when appropriate is also recommended. Initiatives such as the "Antibiotic Time out" or Start Smart-then Focus approach will be appropriate in the hospital. Introduction of an empiric antibiotic policy in the hospital is highly recommended.

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“…Referral Hospital showed that 76% of antibiotics were given through parenteral route with practice of parenteral to oral shift during discharge 23 (7.9%) of cases [26]. Retrospective assessment conducted in Mekelle general hospital showed that the percentage of encounters with antibiotic injections at inpatient departments 172 (95.2%) out of 181 sampled antibiotic prescribed were parenteral formulations [27].…”

Section: Strength and Weakness Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• The data was collected using a structured self-administered pre-tested questionnaire • Adequate sample size was applied according to single population proportion formula • Data collators were trained health professional • Data quality is controlled throughout the study Referral Hospital showed that 76% of antibiotics were given through parenteral route with practice of parenteral to oral shift during discharge 23 (7.9%) of cases [26]. Retrospective assessment conducted in Mekelle general hospital showed that the percentage of encounters with antibiotic injections at inpatient departments 172 (95.2%) out of 181 sampled antibiotic prescribed were parenteral formulations [27].…”

Section: Strength and Weakness Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Drug Use pattern of Antibiotics in Pediatric Ward of Shenan Gibe Hospital, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Achalu¹,

Mensa²

2017

JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH

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Background: Antibiotics are one of the most widely used groups of drugs. The development of antimicrobial drugs represents one of the most important advances in therapeutics. Irrational and uncontrolled use of these agents both in developing and developed countries has resulted in an evolution of resistant strains in addition to poor health outcome. Despite this fact antimicrobial agents are vastly over prescribed in inpatient setting and the availability of antimicrobial agents without prescription in many developing countries. The use antimicrobial agents in Infants and children have become a routine practice for the treatment of pediatric illness and it needs study to show the status and pattern of antimicrobial in this age group is critical hence they are most vulnerable population groups to counteract illness. AbstractObjective: To assess the pattern of antibiotics use among hospitalized Pediatric patients in pediatric ward of Shenen Gibe Hospital, May 2015. Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from patient medical history records from previous one year data and Data was collected by using pre-tested structured tool which is adapted from review of different literatures.Result: Three hundred twenty three pediatrics medical history cards with antibiotics were reviewed in this study. Majority of participants 188(58.2%) were males and 197(61%) and belongs to age group 0-4 years with mean age of 3.5 years. Regarding duration of hospitalization for 200 (61.9%) was 5 to 9 days with median duration of 5.7 days. Majority of patients 251(77.7%) were treated empirically. Pneumonia was single most common reason for hospitalization which accounts 125 (38.7%) followed by Sepsis 49 (15.2%) and acute gastro enteritis 41(12.7%). The most commonly used antibiotic combinations were Ceftriaxone + Gentamicin 97(32.8%). Antibiotics were prescribed with correct dose for 294(91%) and correct frequency for 280(86.7%) and 316(97.6%) were treated with injections.

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Assessment of the pattern of antibiotics use in pediatrics ward of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Determinants of antibiotic prescription in paediatric patients: The case of two hospitals in Maputo, Mozambique

Determinants of antibiotic prescription in paediatric patients: The case of two hospitals in Maputo, Mozambique

Antibiotic prescribing practices for hospitalised children with suspected bacterial infections in a paediatric hospital in Nigeria

Retrospective Drug Use pattern of Antibiotics in Pediatric Ward of Shenan Gibe Hospital, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

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