Assessment of the molecular composition of particulate organic matter exchanged between the Saeftinghe salt marsh (southwestern Netherlands) and the adjacent water system

Klap, Vincent A.; Boon, Jaap J.; Hemminga, M.A.; Soelen, J. van

doi:10.1016/0304-4203(96)00043-6

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…To identify the source of organic matter, researchers have used radioactive carbon and stable isotopic signatures of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur (Peterson and Howarth 1987;Peterson et al 1994;Raymond and Bauer 2001;Zhou et al 2006), stoichiometry (Hopkinson and Vallino 2005;Lønborg et al 2009), and biomarkers (Xu et al 2006;Volkman et al 2008). The studies of the fate of organic matter are based on biodegradability by using pyrolysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Hemminga et al 1992(Hemminga et al , 1993Klap et al 1996), and laboratory bioassays with dark incubation (del Giorgio and Davis 2003;Moran and Covert 2003). Photodegradation studies also track another Figure 7 The outwelling concept, in which nested subsystems exchange material in an estuarine-coastal landscape (after Childers et al 2000).…”

Section: Fluxes Of Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluxes of water, sediments, and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes

et al. 2013

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Tidal oscillations systematically flood salt marshes, transporting water, sediments, organic matter, and biogeochemical elements such as silica. Here we present a review of recent studies on these fluxes and their effects on both ecosystem functioning and morphological evolution of salt marshes. We reexamine a simplified model for the computation of water fluxes in salt marshes that captures the asymmetry in discharge between flood and ebb. We discuss the role of storm conditions on sediment fluxes both in tidal channels and on the marsh platform. We present recent methods and field instruments for the measurement of fluxes of organic matter. These methods will provide long-term data sets with fine temporal resolution that will help scientists to close the carbon budget in salt marshes. Finally, the main processes controlling fluxes of biogenic and dissolved silica in salt marshes are explained, with particular emphasis on the uptake by marsh macrophytes and diatoms.

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Section: Fluxes Of Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluxes of water, sediments, and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes

et al. 2013

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“…The results of the DTMS experiments were subjected to multivariate analysis. In this study Principal Components Analyses (PCA), in combination with graphical rotation [12], was performed on the results of the DTMS experiments, using the FOMpyroMap multivariate program and the ChemomeTricks program for the calculations [13].…”

Section: Direct Temperature-resolved Mass Spectrometry (Dtms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4b) the relative abundance of mass peaks (m/z 162 and 180) characteristic for starch has substantially decreased. However, these ions still show a relative intensity of 60%, indicating that structurally intact anhydromonosaccharidic moieties can still be released from the residues even when they have been heated to 310°C for 120 min [10,13]. From T oven =310°C a series of odd numbered masses is becoming more prominent giving the spectrum a different mass peak pattern appearance.…”

Section: Dtms-ci-nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of emmer wheat as a result of heating

Braadbaart

Horst

Boon

et al. 2004

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

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Whole grains of emmer wheat were heated in a pre-heated tube oven at temperatures ranging from 130-700°C under controlled anoxic conditions for maximum 280 min. For each temperature a separate experiment was carried out. Physical properties including mass loss, thermal lag, external and internal morphology and the vitrinite reflectance, C and N content, and DTMS under CI (NH 3 ) and EI conditions were used to monitor changes as a function of the temperature. The results show remaining starch and protein rich material up to 250°C. From 310-400°C a secondary, thermally stable, product is formed and at higher temperatures a strongly carbon enriched tertiary product.

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“…resistively heated to just below the melting point of the wire over 1.5 minutes. To reduce the resulting information to a manageable level, spectra (in integer form, mass defect=0.7 or 0.75) are then exported to a multivariate statistics program (FOMPyroMAP or Chemometricks) and molecular-level differences among the spectra are investigated using principal component and discriminant analyses (as in ; and others; for a description of PCA see Windig et al, 1981Windig et al, /1982and Meglen, 1992; and for further discussion of DT-MS applications in marine organic geochemistry, see and Klap et al, 1996).…”

Section: Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional heterogeneity within oceanic POM : a study using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry

Minor¹

1998

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This thesis applied direct temperature-resolved mass spectrometry (DT-MS), flow cytometry, and multivariate statistics to the study of marine particulate organic matter (POM) collected from the North Atlantic.DT-MS is an important asset to marine organic geochemistry as a single two minute analysis (with 16 eV, EI* ionization) provides information on polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids within concentrated and desalted samples. Although the molecularlevel information obtained with DT-MS is less detailed than traditional analyses of specific compound classes, DT-MS can act as a useful molecular-level screening technique (as illustrated in this thesis), indicating what samples and compound classes to investigate more thoroughly.In addition to its rapidity, DT-MS only reqires microgram quantities of sample. This sensitivity permits the coupling of DT-MS and preparative flow cytometry. In this thesis, preparative flow cytometry was used to isolate "phytoplankton" and "detritus" (i.e., non-phytoplankton particles) in 2-+53 gm POM. The molecular-level differences between and within small-particle POM (<53 gm), large-particle POM (>53 pm), "phytoplankton" and "detritus" were explored using DT-MS and discriminant analysis. For POM collected from the Mid-Atlantic Bight and from Great Harbor, Woods Hole, MA, small-particle POM contained more phytoplankton chemical characteristics than large-particle POM. In Great Harbor, the molecular-level characteristics of large-particle POM indicated a significant grazer biomass component. On the MAB (in March 1996), the large-particle POM appeared more phytodetrital. "Phytoplankton" was enriched in protein, chlorophyll and lipids as compared to "detritus," which was enriched in selected polysaccharides.As the polysaccharide composition of POM subclasses was a major source of variation, polysaccharides in selected samples were further studied using ammonia and deuterated ammonia CI*DT-MS. Principal component analysis of the resulting NH 3 -CI* spectra indicated that the majority of polysaccharide variation in the selected samples could be explained by a component that appeared related to the degree of degradation of the organic matter.The results from this thesis, coupled with existing work on particulate and dissolved organic matter, were used to support a modified "size-reactivity continuum model" of organic matter cycling. Thesis Supervisor: Timothy EglintonTo my parents, "Uncle Ben," and the old Venture AknowledgementsThis thesis would never have been finished without the help of a great many people. I would like to thank my advisor Tim Eglinton for introducing me to the field, giving me free reign with lots of instruments, and convincing me to do more than I thought I could. Thanks to my committe members are also in order. Without Rob Olson's expertise, the flow cytometer might be in even more pieces today than it was when I started. Jaap Boon's perspective as a mass spectrometrist helped greatly in the interpretation of DT-MS data. Phil Gschwend's inciteful questions ha...

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Assessment of the molecular composition of particulate organic matter exchanged between the Saeftinghe salt marsh (southwestern Netherlands) and the adjacent water system

Cited by 25 publications

References 64 publications

Fluxes of water, sediments, and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes

Fluxes of water, sediments, and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of emmer wheat as a result of heating

Compositional heterogeneity within oceanic POM : a study using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry

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