Assessment of the long-term stability of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 for hydrogen storage applications

Rochat, Sébastien; Polak-Kraśna, Katarzyna; Tian, Mi; Mays, Timothy J.; Bowen, Christopher R.; Burrows, Andrew D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.02.175

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Repeated measurements at different points of the sample result in a narrow distribution ofYoung's modulus around the average value. The value of the fresh sample (dark blue) is in good agreement with the data available in the literature from different techniques (1 -1.7 GPa)32,35,52,53…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Correlating Gas Permeability and Young’s Modulus during the Physical Aging of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Longo

Santo

Esposito

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The relationship, during physical aging, between the transport properties and Young's modulus for films of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) was investigated using pure gas permeability and atomic force microscopy (AFM) in force spectroscopy mode. Excellent agreement of Young's modulus measured for the archetypal PIM-1 with values obtained by other techniques in the literature, confirms the suitability of AFM force spectroscopy for the rapid and convenient assessment of mechanical properties. Results from different polymers including PIM-1 and five ultrapermeable benzotriptycene-based PIMs provide direct evidence that size selectivity is strongly correlated to Young's modulus. In addition, film samples of one representative PIM (PIM-DTFM-BTrip) were subjected to both normal physical aging and to accelerated aging by thermal conditioning under vacuum for comparison. Accelerated aging resulted in a similar decrease in permeability and increase in Young's modulus as normal aging, however, significant differences suggest that thermally induced accelerated aging occurs throughout the bulk of the polymer film whereas normal aging occurs predominantly at the surface of the film. For all PIMs, the increased in film rigidity upon aging led to an increase in gas size selectivity.

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Correlating Gas Permeability and Young’s Modulus during the Physical Aging of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Longo

Santo

Esposito

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The high performance of PIM-1 has led to additional studies including aging and high pressures. For example, in a recent study Rochat et al demonstrated that PIM-1 is stable over 400 days, showing only modest loss of hydrogen storage capacity, from 2.60 wt % (77 K/100 bar) on day 1 to 1.90 wt % on day 400 [76].…”

Section: Highly Porous Organic Polymers For H2 Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Porous Organic Polymers for Hydrogen Fuel Storage

Cousins

Zhang

2019

Polymers

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Hydrogen (H2) is one of the best candidates to replace current petroleum energy resources due to its rich abundance and clean combustion. However, the storage of H2 presents a major challenge. There are two methods for storing H2 fuel, chemical and physical, both of which have some advantages and disadvantages. In physical storage, highly porous organic polymers are of particular interest, since they are low cost, easy to scale up, metal-free, and environmentally friendly. In this review, highly porous polymers for H2 fuel storage are examined from five perspectives: (a) brief comparison of H2 storage in highly porous polymers and other storage media; (b) theoretical considerations of the physical storage of H2 molecules in porous polymers; (c) H2 storage in different classes of highly porous organic polymers; (d) characterization of microporosity in these polymers; and (e) future developments for highly porous organic polymers for H2 fuel storage. These topics will provide an introductory overview of highly porous organic polymers in H2 fuel storage.

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“…The introduction of additional high surface area nanoporous fillers into PIM-1 provides composites with enhanced performance in terms of surface area, porosity and gas adsorption capacity, while retaining processability and flexibility. It has also been reported that additives in PIM-based composites improve their long term structural stability (Low et al 2018;Rochat et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 96%

Nanoporous polymer-based composites for enhanced hydrogen storage

et al. 2019

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The exploration and evaluation of new composites possessing both processability and enhanced hydrogen storage capacity are of significant interest for onboard hydrogen storage systems and fuel cell based electric vehicle development. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of composite membranes with sufficient mechanical properties for enhanced hydrogen storage that are based on a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) matrix containing nano-sized fillers: activated carbon (AX21) or metal-organic framework (MIL-101). This is one of the first comparative studies of different composite systems for hydrogen storage and, in addition, the first detailed evaluation of the diffusion kinetics of hydrogen in polymer-based nanoporous composites. The composite films were characterised by surface area and porosity analysis, hydrogen adsorption measurements, mechanical testing and gas adsorption modelling. The PIM-1/AX21 composite with 60 wt% AX21 provides enhanced hydrogen adsorption kinetics and a total hydrogen storage capacity of up to 9.35 wt% at 77 K; this is superior to the US Department of Energy hydrogen storage target. Tensile testing indicates that the ultimate stress and strain of PIM-1/ AX21 are higher than those of the MIL-101 or PAF-1 containing composites, and are sufficient for use in hydrogen storage tanks. The data presented provides new insights into both the design and characterisation methods of polymer-based composite membranes. Our nanoporous polymer-based composites offer advantages over powders in terms of safety, handling and practical manufacturing, with potential for hydrogen storage applications either as means of increasing storage or decreasing operating pressures in high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks.

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Assessment of the long-term stability of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 for hydrogen storage applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

Correlating Gas Permeability and Young’s Modulus during the Physical Aging of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Correlating Gas Permeability and Young’s Modulus during the Physical Aging of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Highly Porous Organic Polymers for Hydrogen Fuel Storage

Nanoporous polymer-based composites for enhanced hydrogen storage

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