Assessment of the inhibitory effects of disinfectants on the embryonation of Ascaridia columbae eggs

Abstract

This study was set out with the aim of assessing the effects of the most commonly available commercial disinfectants on embryogenesis of A . columbae eggs. In addition to the distilled water treatment as a control group, four disinfectants were tested that included formalin, povidone iodide, TH4, and Virkon-S, in three independent experiments. In the first experiment, an overnight incubation with the working concentration of disinfectants resulted in significant inhibition of 80%, 85%, and 98% of embryonic development at day 9 post-treatment with formalin, povidone iodide, and TH4, respectively. This inhibition was continued through days 12 and 15 with the three tested disinfectants. Virkon-S did not affect embryogenesis with larval development comparable to that of the control group. In the second more dissected experiment, contact times of 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes were set out for each disinfectant with embryogenesis inhibition results echoed that of the first experiment, with all disinfectants but Virkon-S inhibited larval development in significant proportions of eggs. Again, Virkon-S was very neutral in its effect on embryogenesis. When pigeon fecal matters were mixed with eggs and were subjected to disinfectants, discrepancies to results of the first two experiments were observed with only formalin inhibited embryogenesis in considerable proportion of eggs. Thus, and with the exception of Virkon-S, disinfectants tested at levels similar to those applicable in poultry in-houses and farms exhibited potent ovicidal activities on free eggs. To our knowledge, this is the first study involving the application of the commonly used in-poultry houses disinfectants to inactivate or delay the embryogenesis of bird Ascarids. The future perspective will potentially involve the in-field applications of the efficient disinfectants to eliminate or reduce the dissemination of infections with bird Ascarids in the chicken, turkey, pigeons, and other poultry houses.

Disinvasive action of aldehyde and chlorine disinfectants on the test-culture of Toxocara canis eggs

“…Although some disinfectants can delay or stop the development of A. suum eggs, they are unlikely to completely kill them (Oh et al, 2016). Our results complement other studies that have proven disinvasive activity against helminth eggs (A. columbae) formalin, povidone iodide and TH4 (Bessat & Dewair, 2019). In other experiments, it was found that quaternary ammonium compounds do not affect Ascaris suum eggs, but phenol (5.0%) and cresol (3.0%) are effective (Labare et al, 2013), as well as ammonia (Pecson & Nelson, 2005), some short-chain fatty acids (Butkus et al, 2011), preparations based on sodium hypochlorite (Naidoo et al, 2016).…”

Investigation of in Vitro Culturing Method for Ascaris lumbricoides Eggs in Laboratory: From Soil to Bench.

“…Subsequently, to avoid the dryness effect such as the solutions in the petri dishes was dried, also to maintain the humid environment for the eggs to develop, 2 to 3 ml of distilled water was added into the glass petri dishes. This technique was supported by the previous research by Bessat and Dewair in 2019 [2]. Only distilled water was added to maintain moisture in the petri dishes containing the Ascaris eggs and the addition of sulphuric acid should be avoided since it can lead to hyper acidity affecting the developmental process.…”

“…Author details 1 Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), A1-1, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, Selangor, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 International Medical University (IMU), No.126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia…”

Investigation of in Vitro Culturing Method for Ascaris lumbricoides Eggs in Laboratory: From Soil to Bench

“…Subsequently, to avoid the dryness effect such as the solutions in the petri dishes was dried, also to maintain the humid environment for the eggs to develop, 2 to 3 ml of distilled water was added into the glass petri dishes. This technique was supported by the previous research by Bessat and Dewair in 2019 [1]. Only distilled water was added to maintain moisture in the petri dishes containing the Ascaris eggs and the addition of sulphuric acid should be avoided since it can lead to hyper acidity affecting the developmental process.…”