Assessment of the impacts of pit latrines on groundwater quality in rural areas: A case study from Marondera district, Zimbabwe

Dzwairo, Bloodless; Hoko, Zvikomborero; Love, David W.; Guzha, Edward

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2006.08.031

Cited by 182 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These provide direct sources of contamination of the subterraneous water flow that passes through the fecal-infected soil into the river, as shown in several surveys assessing the quality of water from pit latrines PATTERNS AND RISK FACTORS OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHIASIS IN MALAYSIA in other countries. 26,30,31 A recent study to determine the occurrences of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Orang Asli Subgroups in Peninsular Malaysia

Ngui¹,

Shafie²,

Chua³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A cross-sectional study was conducted to provide comprehensive data on the patterns and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections among five Orang Asli subgroups in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall prevalence of STH infections was 59.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.1-63.7%). Trichuris trichiura (54.3%; 95% CI = 50.4-58.2%) was the predominant species followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (26.7%; 95% CI = 23.3-30.1%) and hookworm (9.1%; 95% CI = 6.9-11.3%). This study showed diversity for STH infections by subgroup with poverty and personal sanitary behavior as important risk factors for infection. Risk profile analyses indicating that Orang Kuala subgroup who has a generally well-developed infrastructure and better quality of life had a low rate of infection. There is a need for poverty reduction and promotion of deworming programs along with mass scale campaigns to create awareness about health and hygiene to reduce STH infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Orang Asli Subgroups in Peninsular Malaysia

Ngui¹,

Shafie²,

Chua³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Considering the land use/coverage on Fongafale Islet (Yamano et al 2007) (Borchardt et al 2003;DeWalle and Schaff 1980;Scandura and Sobsey 1997;Viraghaven and Warnock 1976) and pit toilets (Dzwairo et al 2006;Montgomery and Elimelech 2007;Pedley and Howard 1997) are a source of groundwater contamination. Thus, the disposal of human waste using these facilities is a key issue for groundwater quality and public health protection.…”

Section: Water Pollution Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic impacts on water quality of the lagoonal coast of Fongafale Islet, Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu

et al. 2013

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Water pollution, evident by negative values of redox potential in waters, occurs at the lagoonal coast located near the densely populated area of Fongafale Islet on Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu, Central Pacific. Sediment microbial quinone analysis revealed that these coastal sediments exhibit 2.7-10.4 times more microbial biomass, significantly different microbial community structure and low microbial diversity, when compared to an undisturbed natural coastal sediment. Thus, the pollution is chronic. By considering the total land use/coverage on the islet, the situation of septic tank installations, temporal changes in water redox potential and Escherichia coli numbers in the coastal waters and the spatial distribution of acid volatile sulfide in the sediments, we conclude that domestic wastewater is the primary source of pollution. This pollution is proposed to occur via the following mechanism: during ebb tides, domestic wastewater leaking from bottomless septic tanks and pit toilets run off into the lagoonal coast. Tide changes control the pollution load of domestic wastewater.

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“…In Ethiopia, the diarrhoea morbidity is around 17 % (Masangwi et al 2008). The most common source of drinking water for the rural people is groundwater from boreholes (deep wells), shallow wells and springs (Dzwairo et al 2006). Groundwater is usually consumed without any form of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ethiopia, the majority of people in rural areas and high density townships in urban areas use pit latrines which are often in a state of disrepair and unhygienic (Lungu et al 2008). In the rainy season, faecal matter from pit latrines and open sources is washed into water bodies, thereby contaminating the water (Dzwairo et al 2006). In urban areas, sanitation facilities fill up and overflow if they are not properly managed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of drinking water by low cost method in Ethiopia

2014

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Nowadays, water treatment is a big issue in rural areas especially in African country. Due to lack of facilities available in those areas and the treatment are expensive. In this regard's an attempt has been made to find alternative natural way to treat the rural drinking water. The experiment trials were undertaken on the most promising plant extracts, namely: Moringa oleifera, Jatropha curcas and Guar gum. The extracts were used to treat contaminated water obtained from a number of wells. The results showed that the addition of M. oleifera can considerably improve the quality of drinking water. A 100 % improvement both in turbidity and reduction in Escherichia coli was noted for a number of the samples, together with significant improvements in colour.

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Assessment of the impacts of pit latrines on groundwater quality in rural areas: A case study from Marondera district, Zimbabwe

Cited by 182 publications

References 4 publications

Patterns and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Orang Asli Subgroups in Peninsular Malaysia

Patterns and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Orang Asli Subgroups in Peninsular Malaysia

Anthropogenic impacts on water quality of the lagoonal coast of Fongafale Islet, Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu

Purification of drinking water by low cost method in Ethiopia

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