Assessment of the impact of the emission of certain organochlorine compounds on the aquatic environment

Ultrasonic Induced Dehalogenation and Oxidation of 2-, 3-, and 4-Chlorophenol in Air-Equilibrated Aqueous Media. Similarities with Irradiated Semiconductor Particulates

“…Monochlorophenols represent an important class of environmental water pollutants of moderate toxicity to mammalian and aquatic life; they possess relatively strong organoleptic effects, with taste threshold ~0.1 ggL-1 (ppb). 52 Their principal sources originate with natural degradation of chlorinated herbicides (e.g., chlorophenoxyacetic acids), chlorination of phenolic substances once the aromatic ring is cleaved, the generated aliphatic unsaturated and saturated intermediate species have tended to elude detection and identification. Sonolysis adds an added dimension to AOP processes since ultrasounds can be transmitted through opaque systems (contrary to light) and the oxidative entity (*OH radical) is identical to those in other AOP's.…”

Photodegradation of 2- and 3-chlorophenol in titanium dioxide aqueous suspensions

“…Monochlorophenols constitute an important category of water pollutants. Their toxicity to mammalian and aquatic life is classified as moderate, but they have strong organoleptic effects and their taste threshold is 0.1 ppb (pg L"1) (13). Their presence in water stems principally from industry, which produces them as chemical intermediates or generates them during the chlorination of effluents containing phenolic compounds.…”

Environmentally dependent adsorption of 2,4‐dichlorophenol on cellulose‐chitosan self‐assembled composites

“…The difference in the adsorption at acidic pH compared with the adsorption at pH of 9 is related to the protonation state of the 2,4‐DCP. [ 48 ] In fact, ~35% of the phenol groups of 2,4‐DCP are deprotonated at the pH 5.5, [ 65 ] which in turn allows them to form electrostatic interaction with the surface amino groups of the chitosan, that are positively charged at pH lower than 6.2. [ 16,27 ] Even more, the chlorine groups from the molecule would be close to the surface allowing a better stabilization on the surface by the surface hydroxyl groups and the hydroxyl from the hydrodynamic bonded layer.…”

“…The absorption ability of the cellulose/chitosan composites was tested with the molecule 2,4‐dichlorophenol, a molecule with multiple applications. 2,4 dichlorophenol is commonly used as pesticide, and antiseptic, as well as a preservative for wood and in the leather industry [ 45 ] and can also be a byproduct of the degradation process of other fungicides and herbicides like triclosan, [ 46–48 ] or as a byproduct of chlorination in water treatment. [ 49 ] This adsorption was tested at pH 5 and 9 and followed by UV‐vis spectrophotometry.…”