Assessment of the impact of renewable energy on the balanced development and preservation of the carbon cycle in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia

Abstract

The study took into account that renewable energy does not change the biospheric material and energy flows, which ensures the achievement of a general balance. To assess it, a special indicator of balance was used, which characterizes the ratio in energy indicators between industrial activity in the region and the state of its ecosystems. In addition, the need of carbon cycle preservation, which may be disturbed due to the peculiarities of the ecosystems of the regions, was taken into account. It was set that due to the existence of large areas of forest and swamp ecosystems, in all Far Eastern Federal District regions, ecosystems are effective absorbers of carbon dioxide. The total absorption of carbon dioxide in the district is 810.98 million tons. In nine regions of the District, industrial activity and ecosystems are in a balanced state in terms of energy indicators: in the Amur and Magadan Oblast, Khabarovsk, Kamchatka and Zabaykalsky Krai, the Republic of Buryatia and Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The balance indicator in Primorsky Krai and the Sakhalin Oblast is greater than one, which indicates a violation of the balance. To achieve it in these regions, it will be necessary to increase the share of renewable energy in regional energy balances to 50% and 21%, respectively.