Assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in workers of metallurgical enterprises

Abstract

In the structure of factors that form the health of the working-age population, the conditions of its production activity occupy an important place. Today, the products of metallurgical industries are used in almost all industries. The study of the state of the cardiovascular systems of workers of a steel wire shop at a large metallurgical enterprise was carried out. An in-depth examination using modern methods of instrumental diagnostics was carried out by 302 employees of the enterprise. Of these — 275 men and 27 women, aged 23 to 59 years. A feature of the working conditions of workers in metallurgical production is the complex effect of the heating microclimate, the severity of the labor process, dust and complex aerosols of metals, which can be risk factors for the development of arterial hypertension at the earliest stages of exposure. A survey of the nature of nutrition and eating behavior showed that 41.2 % of the surveyed showed a high, excessive frequency of consumption of animal fat in persons with arterial hypertension. Examination of workers, aged from 23 to 59 years, revealed arterial hypertension in 19.4 %, signs of arterial hypotension were observed in 7.4 % of the examined workers of the metallurgical plant. In 46.2 % of workers, an increase in blood pressure was revealed, which can be characterized as mild arterial hypertension, in 45.1 % — moderate, and in 8.7 % of the surveyed, an increase in blood pressure can be characterized as a severe degree of arterial hypertension. Metallurgical workers were found to have such risk factors for the development of arterial hypertension as an imbalance in the consumption of plant and animal food, alcohol consumption and psychosocial factors. The state of the cardiovascular system of the workers of the metallurgical plant is characterized by maladaptive somatic changes.