Assessment of the feeding value of South Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.) for growing pigs12

Abstract

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the feeding value of South Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.) for growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 96 pigs (initial BW = 22 +/- 3.35 kg) were allotted to four treatment groups (four pigs per pen, six replicate pens per treatment) and fed growing (0.95% Lys) and finishing (0.68% Lys) diets containing 0, 12, 24, or 36% field peas (as-fed basis). There were no differences among the treatment groups in ADG, ADFI, or G:F. Likewise, there were no differences in backfat thickness or lean meat percent among treatment groups, but pigs fed diets containing 12, 24, or 36% field peas had greater (P < 0.05) loin depths than pigs fed the control diet. In Exp. 2, 120 pigs (initial BW = 7.8 +/- 1.04 kg) were allotted to four treatment groups 2 wk after weaning. Pigs were then fed diets containing 0, 6, 12, or 18% field peas (as-fed basis) during the following 4 wk. There were five pigs per pen and six replicate pens per treatment. Results of the experiment showed no differences in ADG, ADFI, or G:F among treatment groups. In Exp. 3, apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility coefficients of CP and AA in field peas and soybean meal were measured using six individually penned growing pigs (initial BW = 36.5 +/- 2.1 kg) arranged in a repeated 3 x 3 Latin square design. The AID for Met, Trp, Cys, and Ser, and the SID for Met, Trp, and Cys were lower (P < 0.05) in field peas than in soybean meal; but for CP and all other AA, no differences in AID or SID were observed between the two feed ingredients. Experiment 4 was an energy balance experiment conducted to measure the DE and ME concentrations in field peas and corn. Six growing pigs (initial BW = 85.5 +/- 6.5 kg) were placed in metabolism cages and fed diets based on field peas or corn and arranged in a two-period switch-back design. The DE values for field peas and corn (3,864 and 3,879 kcal/kg DM, respectively) were similar, but the ME of corn was higher (P < 0.05) than the ME of field peas (3,825 vs. 3,741 kcal ME/kg DM). The results from the current experiments demonstrate that the nutrients in South Dakota-grown field peas are highly digestible by growing pigs. Therefore, such field peas may be included in diets for nursery pigs and growing-finishing pigs in amounts of at least 18 and 36%, respectively, without negatively affecting pig performance.

Influence of diets containing raw or extruded peas instead of soybean meal on meat quality characteristics in growing-finishing pigs

“…Performance characteristics such as feed conversion, lean meat and backfat were not influenced by the inclusion of peas and extruded peas in the diet. These results are in close agreement with earlier published data indicating that no differences in pig performance are recorded if pigs are fed diets containing field peas or pea-based diets (Stein et al, 2004(Stein et al, , 2006Petersen and Spencer, 2006).…”

“…Replacing soybean Table 5 shows the two-factor analysis of variance aimed at indicator growth and fattening of pigs between groups and sex. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a good, traditional source of nitrogen and energy for pigs due to the high digestibility and palatability (Fan et al, 1994;Chrenková et al, 2001) without deterioration of health, production and carcass and meat quality (Thacker 2002;Stein et al, 2004Stein et al, , 2006, which is in agreement with presented results.…”

“…In the present experiment, all diets containing raw peas or extruded peas were balanced for essential AA, ensuring that the deficiencies of Met, Thr, or Lys did not limit performance parameters when these diets were administered (Table 2) with similarities reported by others (Stein et al, 2004). The content of crude protein in all experimental groups for the 1 st phase of fattening was adequate to the crude protein requirement (180 g/kg DM) that is given in standards of nutrient requirements in pigs of the weight category 35-65 kg (Šimeček et al, 1994).…”

Pea (Pisum sativum) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds as protein sources in growing-finishing heavy pig diets: effect on growth performance, carcass characteristics and on fresh and seasoned Parma ham quality

“…Indeed, the pigs fed the RP and RF diets ate similarly to the pigs fed the CTR overall the trial but RF pigs grew better than CTR animals. Recently, Stein et al (2004) and Prandini et al (2005) have shown that field peas may be included from 15 to 20% in diets offered to nursery pigs. At these concentrations, no negative effect on pig performance has been recorded.…”

Effects of dietary peas mixed with linseed (3:1) on the growth performance, enteritis and certain serum parameter in weaned piglets

“…Peas are characterrized by lower aminoacid content compared to soybean meal, and a lower digestibility of energy than corn (Stein et al, 2004). In growing -finishing pigs there is no limitation on dietary inclusion levels, but in weaned piglets results are less conclusive.…”