Assessment of the Eustachian tube: a review

Permanent eustachian tube dysfunction in cabin crew member: Case report and narrative review

“…Some risk factors may be cleft palate disorders, Kartagener syndrome, rhynosinusitis, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, smoke and each pathology that could damage mucociliary clearance or cause mucosal inflammation. This inflammation affects the ability for subsequent attempts at opening and clearance [4,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Patients with Eustachian tube barochallenge (BCETD) show symptoms only when confronted with changes in atmospheric pressure, such as otalgia and/or sense of aural fullness, but also vertigo, acufene or facial palsy, therefore rarely. BCETD is very difficult to diagnose because patient could show normal otoscopic exam at ambient pressure [7]. Therefore we have to consider both the anamnesis and the history of the patient.…”