Assessment of the Effects of Saddle Position on Cyclistsʼ Pedaling Technique

Diefenthaeler, Fernando; Bini, Rodrigo Rico; Laitano, Orlando L.; Guimarães, Antônio Carlos Stringhini; Nabinger, Eduardo; Carpes, Felipe Pivetta; Bolli, Carlos Mota; Coyle, Edward F.

doi:10.1249/00005768-200605001-01694

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Higher saddle height resulted in an increased contribution of the ankle joint to TMW compared with low saddle position. Some of the observed changes in mechanical work contribution of the ankle and knee joints were based on kinematics changes that were partially observed by Diefenthaeler et al 14 and Nordeen-Snyder. 16 Both studies reported changes in ankle-joint kinematics, suggesting that this joint would perform a role in controlling force application on the pedal.…”

Section: Saddle Height's Effectsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…16 Rugg and Gregor 18 measured lower limb joint ROM with 15% of change in the saddle height, finding that the knee joint was the most affected. On the contrary, Diefenthaeler et al 14 reported that only ankle-joint kinematics were affected by saddle height, but they evaluated only 3 subjects, which prevents any definitive conclusion regarding the effects of saddle position on knee-joint loads and kinematics. With changing saddle height, the control of joint mechanical work could depend on changes in kinematics.…”

Section: Saddle Height's Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects of Saddle Height, Pedaling Cadence, and Workload on Joint Kinetics and Kinematics During Cycling

Bini

Tamborindeguy²,

Mota³

2010

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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At the high saddle position it could be inferred that the ankle joint compensated for the reduced knee-joint work contribution, which was probably effective for minimizing soft-tissue damage in the knee joint (eg, anterior cruciate ligament and patellofemoral cartilage). The increase in ankle work contribution and changes in joint kinematics associated with changes in pedaling cadence have been suggested to indicate poor pedaling-movement skill.

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Section: Saddle Height's Effectsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Saddle Height's Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Saddle Height, Pedaling Cadence, and Workload on Joint Kinetics and Kinematics During Cycling

Bini

Tamborindeguy²,

Mota³

2010

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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“…The order of the saddle heights tested was randomized. The standard saddle position was defined as the individual preferential position assumed by the participants during training and competitions 14 . This measure was taken from the own cyclist's bicycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When exercising at supra-maximal efforts, altering the saddle position affects mean power output 10,11 , which is not observed at sub-maximal intensities 12 . Another source of deviations in performance is the influence of changing saddle height on force-length muscle relations and therefore force output 13,14 . One could argue that specific saddle positions could result in specific adaptation in length muscle relations, as observed for rectus femoris torque in response to different range of motions experienced by cyclists and runners 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of saddle height and exercise intensity on pedalling asymmetries in cyclists

Diefenthaeler

Berneira

Moro

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n4p411 Pedaling asymmetries quantified during stationary cycling, when cyclist body positioning and intensity remain unchanged, may not fully reproduce the training and competition situations, in which cyclists experience different intensities and may opt for different saddle positioning aiming at power output optimization. Previous studies showed that torque and power can be asymmetric in cyclists. It is not clear whether changes in saddle height and exercise intensity may affect asymmetries. The aim of the present study was to determine pedaling asymmetries during cycling at different saddle heights and different exercise intensities. Twelve competitive cyclists performed an incremental maximal test, a constant-load (“heavy” intensity domain), and a Wingate test. Constant load and the Wingate tests were repeated using three different saddle heights (reference and lower or higher by 2.5% of the distance from the pubic symphysis to the ground). Crank torque was recorded throughout the pedaling cycle. Asymmetry (higher torque for the preferred limb) was found in all saddle heights (p<0.001) in both intensities. Asymmetry index was similar across the saddle positions (p>0.05) in both intensities. Our results suggest that asymmetric cyclists present a consistent pattern regardless of small changes in the saddle height or in exercise intensity. For practical implication, cyclists producing asymmetric torque may be adapted to this condition so they are continuously exposed to asymmetric effort and overload on the lower limbs.

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“…Essa técnica tem sido amplamente utilizada para estudar a atividade muscular e a coordenação neuromuscular no ciclismo (26,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) . A partir do monitoramento do padrão da atividade elétrica dos músculos envolvidos no movimento da pedalada, é possível obter informações sobre o comportamento do sistema neuromuscular.…”

Section: Efeitos Da Fadiga Na Atividade Elétrica Du-rante O Ciclismo unclassified

Aspectos relacionados à fadiga durante o ciclismo: uma abordagem biomecânica

Diefenthaeler

Vaz

2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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INTRODUÇÃOO ciclismo é considerado um esporte complexo. As competições são divididas em provas de pista (velódromo) e provas de rua (estrada), individualmente ou por equipes (1,2) . As provas de estrada apresentam características distintas em relação à duração, intensidade e topografia. Entre elas podemos destacar o Tour de France, com um percurso de aproximadamente 3.000km, percorridos durante 21 dias ininterruptos, entre os mais variados tipos de terrenos (3) . As competições de estrada têm como característica a manutenção de alta intensidade por tempo prolongado, o que resulta na instauração do processo de fadiga, principalmente em função das mudanças na produção de torques resultantes das contrações musculares e na atividade elétrica dos músculos dos membros inferiores (2,(4)(5)(6) . A fadiga muscular pode ser definida como um conjunto de alterações decorrentes do trabalho ou exercício prolongado, gerando RESUMOA fadiga muscular pode ser definida como a incapacidade funcional na manutenção de um nível esperado de força. As competições de ciclismo, especialmente provas de estrada, apresentam como caracterís-tica longa duração e altas intensidades. Tais características resultam na instauração do processo de fadiga, que pode estar associado a mecanismos e fatores metabólicos que afetam os músculos (fadiga periférica) e o sistema nervoso central (fadiga central). O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão sobre aspectos relacionados com as mudanças na técnica de pedalada e na atividade elétrica dos músculos envolvidos nesse movimento durante o processo de fadiga. Alguns desses aspectos têm sido reportados na literatura e podem ter repercussão na (1) magnitude, direção e sentido de aplicação das forças no pedal; no (2) padrão de ativação muscular; na (3) geração de força e, conseqüentemente, no (4) desempenho do ciclista. No entanto, poucos estudos associam a fadiga muscular ao comportamento das forças aplicadas no pedal e ao padrão da ativação muscular. Os resultados dos estudos revisados demonstram a incapacidade dos ciclistas em manter a força desejada, perda da técnica de pedalada e mudança nos padrões de ativação elétrica sob condições de fadiga.Palavras-chave: fadiga, biomecânica, desempenho, ciclismo. ABSTRACTMuscular fatigue can be defined as functional inability to maintain a desired force output. During cycling competition, especially road races, cyclists are required to exercise for extended duration at high intensities. These features often result in fatigue, which can be associated with metabolic mechanisms and factors affecting both muscles (peripheral fatigue) and the central nervous system (central fatigue). The aim of this study is to review aspects related to alterations in the pedaling technique and electrical activation of the muscles during a fatiguing exercise bout. Some of these alterations have been reported in the literature and can reflect on the (1) magnitude, direction, and sign of the forces applied on the pedal; (2) muscle activation pattern; (3) force generation; (4) and consequ...

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Assessment of the Effects of Saddle Position on Cyclistsʼ Pedaling Technique

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Saddle Height, Pedaling Cadence, and Workload on Joint Kinetics and Kinematics During Cycling

Effects of Saddle Height, Pedaling Cadence, and Workload on Joint Kinetics and Kinematics During Cycling

Influence of saddle height and exercise intensity on pedalling asymmetries in cyclists

Aspectos relacionados à fadiga durante o ciclismo: uma abordagem biomecânica

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