Assessment of the Cytogenetic Damage Induced by Chromium Short-Term Exposure in Root Tip Meristems of Barley Seedlings

Truta, Elena; Mihai, Cosmin Teodor; Gherghel, Daniela; Vochița, Gabriela

doi:10.1007/s11270-014-1933-x

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In plants, high Cr(VI) levels cause a decrease in seed germination, root elongation, leaf number, area and biomass, and greatly affect plant morphology as well as physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes (Huda et al, ; Kabir, ; Martinez‐Trujillo et al, ; Ortiz‐Castro, Martínez‐Trujillo, López‐Bucio, & Cervantes, ; Shanker, Cervantes, Loza‐Tavera, & Avudainayagam, ). Cr stress also exerts cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects in plant cells by causing cell cycle seizure, diminishing of cell division dynamics, derangement of the cytoskeleton, chromosomal aberrations, and stimulation of micronuclei formation (Eleftheriou et al, ; Patnaik, Achary, & Panda, ; Truta, Mihai, Gherghel, & Vochita, ). Root is the first plant organ that senses soil Cr(VI), typically responding to Cr‐exposure by inhibiting primary root elongation (Eleftheriou et al, ; Martinez‐Trujillo et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene mediates dichromate‐induced inhibition of primary root growth by altering AUX1 expression and auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Wakeel

Ali

Upreti

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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The hexavalent form of chromium [Cr(VI)] causes a major reduction in yield and quality of crops worldwide. The root is the first plant organ that interacts with Cr(VI) toxicity, which inhibits primary root elongation, but the underlying mechanisms of this inhibition remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the possibility that Cr(VI) reduces primary root growth of Arabidopsis by modulating the cell cycle-related genes and that ethylene signalling contributes to this process. We show that Cr(VI)-mediated inhibition of primary root elongation was alleviated by the ethylene perception and biosynthesis antagonists silver and cobalt, respectively. Furthermore, the ethylene signalling defective mutants (ein2-1 and etr1-3) were insensitive, whereas the overproducer mutant (eto1-1) was hypersensitive to Cr(VI). We also report that high levels of Cr(VI) significantly induce the distribution and accumulation of auxin in the primary root tips, but this increase was significantly suppressed in seedlings exposed to silver or cobalt. In addition, genetic and physiological investigations show that AUXIN-RESISTANT1 (AUX1) participates in Cr(VI)-induced inhibition of primary root growth. Taken together, our results indicate that ethylene mediates Cr(VI)-induced inhibition of primary root elongation by increasing auxin accumulation and polar transport by stimulating the expression of AUX1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene mediates dichromate‐induced inhibition of primary root growth by altering AUX1 expression and auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Wakeel

Ali

Upreti

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…The great majority of the studies carried out on the Cr–plants interaction refers to Cr uptake, translocation, accumulation, tolerance, phytoremediation, its effects on seed germination, seedling growth, plant morphology, biomass production, physiological processes, yield and gene induction [ 7 , 8 ]. Chromium has also been shown to exert cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects to plant cells, manifested as cell cycle arrest, impairment of cell division dynamics, prominent chromosomal abnormalities, induction of micronuclei formation and repression of antioxidative enzymes [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Aberrations of the mitotic division were correlated with and attributed to the Cr-induced derangement of the microtubule cytoskeleton, which normally underlies cell division [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium-Induced Ultrastructural Changes and Oxidative Stress in Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana

Eleftheriou

Adamakis

Panteris

et al. 2015

IJMS

108

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Chromium (Cr) is an abundant heavy metal in nature, toxic to living organisms. As it is widely used in industry and leather tanning, it may accumulate locally at high concentrations, raising concerns for human health hazards. Though Cr effects have extensively been investigated in animals and mammals, in plants they are poorly understood. The present study was then undertaken to determine the ultrastructural malformations induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], the most toxic form provided as 100 μM potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), in the root tip cells of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. A concentration-dependent decrease of root growth and a time-dependent increase of dead cells, callose deposition, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and peroxidase activity were found in Cr(VI)-treated seedlings, mostly at the transition root zone. In the same zone, nuclei remained ultrastructurally unaffected, but in the meristematic zone some nuclei displayed bulbous outgrowths or contained tubular structures. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was less affected under Cr(VI) stress, but Golgi bodies appeared severely disintegrated. Moreover, mitochondria and plastids became spherical and displayed translucent stroma with diminished internal membranes, but noteworthy is that their double-membrane envelopes remained structurally intact. Starch grains and electron dense deposits occurred in the plastids. Amorphous material was also deposited in the cell walls, the middle lamella and the vacuoles. Some vacuoles were collapsed, but the tonoplast appeared integral. The plasma membrane was structurally unaffected and the cytoplasm contained opaque lipid droplets and dense electron deposits. All electron dense deposits presumably consisted of Cr that is sequestered from sensitive sites, thus contributing to metal tolerance. It is concluded that the ultrastructural changes are reactive oxygen species (ROS)-correlated and the malformations observed are organelle specific.

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“…In conclusion, DNA damage induced by metal stress may be originated by indirect processes, such as the increase of ROS or by direct interaction of the metal with DNA [18,36] that may lead to breaks and mutations. This is the most comprehensive evidence in long-term Cr-exposed plant genotoxic effects using multiparametric data (flow cytometry, comet, and mitotic parameters), where it is also demonstrated that the response is dependent on the organ and dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Short-term exposures to Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 reduced mitosis while inducing chromosomal aberrations in Pisum (≤80 ppm) [17]. Also, chromosome fragmentation/aberration and mitotic abnormalities including lagging were reported in Hordeum vulgare (<0.5 mM) [18]. Using only 1 h-24 h exposure, Huang et al [19] also found the disturbance on the up/down levels of transcripts in Oryza sativa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Bridging a Gap between Cr(VI)-Induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Lettuce Organs after a Long-Term Exposure

Monteiro

Sario

Mendes

et al. 2018

International Journal of Agronomy

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Chromium (Cr) contamination in arable soils and irrigating water remains a priority, particularly due to the challenges posed to crop production and food safety. Long-term Cr(VI) effects remain less addressed than short-term ones, particularly regarding organspecific genotoxic profiles. Here we used the crop Lactuca sativa growing in a protected horticultural system and irrigated for 21 days with Cr(VI) (up to 200 mg/L). Besides the oxidative stress, the genotoxicity was evaluated. Shoots and roots showed distinctive oxidative stress status and genotoxic effects, in a dose-dependent manner. While 50 mg/L stimulated antioxidant activities and no major genotoxic effects were found, plants exposed to ≥150 showed an increase of oxidative disorders, together with cytostatic and DNA damage effects, and some mitotic impairment. Leaves showed less oxidative signs at 50 mg/L, while at 150/200 mg/L the antioxidant battery was stimulated. In Cr treated plants, the highest dose increased the DNA damage, reinforcing the idea that DNA breaks were related to mitotic disorders in higher doses. In conclusion, long-term exposure data show a highly responsive root, with a quadratic response meaning higher defenses at lower Cr doses, and higher oxidative and DNA damage and cytostatic effect at a higher dose.

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Assessment of the Cytogenetic Damage Induced by Chromium Short-Term Exposure in Root Tip Meristems of Barley Seedlings

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Ethylene mediates dichromate‐induced inhibition of primary root growth by altering AUX1 expression and auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Ethylene mediates dichromate‐induced inhibition of primary root growth by altering AUX1 expression and auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Chromium-Induced Ultrastructural Changes and Oxidative Stress in Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana

Bridging a Gap between Cr(VI)-Induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Lettuce Organs after a Long-Term Exposure

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