Assessment of the Contribution Made by Oncogenic Factors to the Risk of Malignant Neoplasms Development for the Urban Population of Working Age

Abstract

High morbidity and mortality caused by malignant neoplasms in various age groups among urban population remains a pressing issue that public healthcare has to solve in contemporary megacities. This research concentrated on assessing significance of oncogenic risk factors that could cause malignant neoplasms (MNs) occurrence among urban population aged 18–64 inclusively. 766 people living in an administrative and industrial center in Siberia took part in the research; MNs were diagnosed in 367 out of them (the test group). The research involved calculating individual carcinogenic risks. Oncogenic factors, both environmental and occupational ones, were examined for each patient; attention was also paid to peculiarities of medical and biological characteristics as well as tobacco smoking and alcohol intake. Impacts exerted by the examined factors on risks of MNs occurrence were determined via odds ratios with estimated confidence intervals. First detected MNs frequency amounted to 638.9 ± 41.9 cases per 100 thousand people among women aged 18–64, and 532.6 ± 41.9 cases among men (p > 0.05). The following factors were determined as ones causing elevated risks of MNs occur- rence: carcinogenic hazards at a workplace; hereditary predisposition; tobacco smoking; alcohol abuse; female sex; living under exposure to chemical carcinogens in the environment. Women tended to have certain diseases that are conventionally considered possible risk factors (viral hepatitis B and C and pancreatic diabetes) 1.3 and 2.4 times more frequently than men. All the obtained data can be used for developing a targeted program aimed at malignant neoplasms prevention among urban population and they can also become a vital component in a system for managing risks of malignant neoplasms occur- rence on a given territory.