Assessment of the Content of Antibiotic Residues in the Meat of Broilers Sold on the Markets of Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)

Abstract

The need in animal proteins has exponentially increased in the ivorian big cities in these latest years. It is the case of Daloa, where the broiler industry can meet the needs of meat consumers after 35 to 45 days. To respect the required time, the poultry farmers take veterinary medecins notally the antibiotics. The use of these antibiotics in veterinary medicin can lead to bioresistant phenomenon by the consumer, favorising the selection of resistant bacteries to later treatments. To protect the consumer, this study has been made to identify and quantify antibiotic residues in broiler meat. For the purpose, broilers from the farming hours in the urban zones of Daloa and ready for sale, have been sampled at random with some sellers on different markets of Daloa. The samples (15) have been analyzed by chromatography multi residue. Antibiotic analyses were performed on a SHIMADZU chromatographic set consisting of a sample changer, a high-pressure binary HPLC pump, a UV-visible absorption detector. This method permits to analyze simultaneously many families of antibiotic residues. The results of this chromatographic analysis made on this foodstuff have revealed the presence of four (4) families of antibiotics: sulfonamides, Macrolides, Tetracyclines and Fluoroquinolones. The concentration rates of samples are between 30 to 100%. The average concentration of their residues vary from 12.46 ± 21.12 to 90.80 ± 187.18 µg / Kg. These concentrations are generally lower than the safety standards (MRLs) recommended by the Codex Alimentarius. However, face to the phenomenon of boiresistance that the excessive use of the antibiotics brings about, the results of this study must prompt the public powers to set a politic to reduce their use. In fact, the breeders must be sensibilised to a correct use of antibiotics.