Assessment of the availability of sexual and reproductive healthcare for Venezuelan migrant women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic at the north-western border of Brazil-Venezuela

Bahamondes, Luís; Makuch, María Yolanda; Margatho, Deborah; Charles, Charles M; Brasil, Cinthia; Amorin, Helder Sf de

doi:10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100092

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Disruptions in SRH service provision were widely reported 26 36 38 39 45 63 64. Reduced facility opening hours were reported in Makana Refugee Camp (Rwanda), Myanmar, North-East Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa 38 42 45 62.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of the indirect impacts of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health services and outcomes in humanitarian settings

Singh,

Abbas,

Roberts

et al. 2023

BMJ Glob Health

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BackgroundHumanitarian settings, particularly those in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), present increased sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges for individuals and health systems. Previous infectious disease outbreaks in such settings have negatively impacted SRH services and outcomes, as fragmented health systems are further overstretched. The COVID-19 pandemic has magnified the SRH challenges in LMIC humanitarian settings on an unprecedented scale. However, understanding of the impacts of COVID-19 is lacking. This review aimed to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted SRH service coverage, utilisation and outcomes in LMIC humanitarian settings, to inform current and future humanitarian research, programming and practice.MethodsA systematic review methodology was followed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting standards. Three search fields related to humanitarian settings, SRH and COVID-19 were applied, and limited to LMIC settings only. Three bibliographic databases and nine grey literature sources were searched. Articles meeting inclusion criteria at full-text screening were critically appraised using standardised tools. Data extraction was undertaken on included articles and analysed through narrative synthesis.ResultsIn total, 7742 citations were screened and 42 were included in the review. All included studies were cross-sectional. The quality was mostly medium to high. Narrative synthesis identified the reduced provision of, and access to, SRH services, and increased morbidity including sexual and gender-based violence and unplanned pregnancies. Impacts on service uptake varied across and within settings. Adaptations to improve SRH service access including telemedicine were reported; however, implementation was hindered by resource constraints.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has indirectly negatively impacted SRH at the individual and health system levels in LMIC humanitarian settings. Further research on the impacts on service uptake is required. SRH programmers should target interventions to meet the increased SRH needs identified. Policy-makers must incorporate SRH into emergency preparedness and response planning to mitigate indirect impacts on SRH in future outbreaks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stock-outs of SRH commodities including contraception were reported across six studies in Cox’s Bazar, DRC, Makana Refugee camp, North-East Nigeria, Palestine and Venezuela 26 30 38 46 47 62. At MoH facilities in Gaza, this was quantified as a 59% stock-out of essential MNH drugs 46.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the indirect impacts of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health services and outcomes in humanitarian settings

Singh,

Abbas,

Roberts

et al. 2023

BMJ Glob Health

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“…Our results indicated that the healthcare system in Roraima was not prepared after a nearly five year increase in the number of persons who required attention due to the migration crisis ( Makuch et al ., 2021a ) and was certainly impacted again due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many SRH services, including contraceptive provision, were closed around the country because they were considered non-essential services ( Bahamondes et al ., 2022 ). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many health care providers were reallocated to attend COVID-9 cases ( Bahamondes and Makuch, 2020 ; Makuch et al ., 2021b ; Bahamondes et al ., 2022 ), many resigned, and the state faced a lack of supplies, medicines, and equipment, including ventilators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many SRH services, including contraceptive provision, were closed around the country because they were considered non-essential services ( Bahamondes et al ., 2022 ). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many health care providers were reallocated to attend COVID-9 cases ( Bahamondes and Makuch, 2020 ; Makuch et al ., 2021b ; Bahamondes et al ., 2022 ), many resigned, and the state faced a lack of supplies, medicines, and equipment, including ventilators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found difficulties for Venezuelan migrants to access to SRH, among those who requested contraceptives, 63.3% reported that they were unable to obtain the contraceptive that they wished, and 50.6% reported that they were unable to obtain any contraceptives due to lack of availability ( Bahamondes et al ., 2020 ), and according to the perspective of these migrant women violence was part of everyday life ( Makuch et al., 2021a , Makuch et al., 2021b ). However, the interviews that we conducted previously and presented in previous reports ( Bahamondes et al ., 2020 ; Makuch et al., 2021a , Makuch et al., 2021b ; Bahamondes et al , 2022 ) were performed with women living in the official shelters established by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Brazilian army and the other two reports ( Soeiro et al., 2021a , Soeiro et al., 2021b ) were conducted with interviews with adolescent girls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of sexual and reproductive access and use of menstrual products among Venezuelan migrant adult women at the Brazilian–Venezuelan border

Rocha

Soeiro

Gomez

et al. 2022

Journal of Migration and Health

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Experiences of pregnant Venezuelan migrants/refugees in Brazil, Ecuador and Peru: a qualitative analysis

Zaman,

McCann,

Friesen

et al. 2024

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background It is estimated that since 2014, approximately 7.3 million Venezuelan migrants/refugees have left the country. Although both male and female migrants/refugees are vulnerable, female migrants/refugees are more likely to face discrimination, emotional, physical, and sexual violence. Currently there is a lack of literature that explores the experiences of pregnant Venezuelan migrants/refugees. Our aim is to better understand the experience of this vulnerable population to inform programming. Methods In the parent study, Spryng.io’s sensemaking tool was used to gain insight into the gendered migration experiences of Venezuelan women/girls. A total of 9339 micronarratives were collected from 9116 unique participants in Peru, Ecuador and Brazil from January to April 2022. For the purpose of this analysis, two independent reviewers screened 817 micronarratives which were identified by the participant as being about someone who was pregnant, ultimately including 231 as part of the thematic analysis. This was an exploratory study and an open thematic analysis of the narratives was performed. Results The mean age and standard deviation of our population was 25.77 ± 6.73. The majority of women in the sample already had at least 1 child (62%), were married at the time of migration (53%) and identified as low socio-economic status (59%). The qualitative analysis revealed the following main themes among pregnant Venezuelan migrants/refugees: xenophobia in the forms of racial slurs and hostile treatment from health-care workers while accessing pregnancy care; sexual, physical, and verbal violence experienced during migration; lack of shelter, resources and financial support; and travelling with the hopes of a better future. Conclusion Pregnant Venezuelan migrants/refugees are a vulnerable population that encounter complex gender-based and societal issues that are rarely sufficiently reported. The findings of this study can inform governments, non-governmental organizations, and international organizations to improve support systems for pregnant migrants/refugees. Based on the results of our study we recommend addressing xenophobia in health-care centres and the lack of shelter and food in host countries at various levels, creating support spaces for pregnant women who experience trauma or violence, and connecting women with reliable employment opportunities and maternal healthcare.

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Assessment of the availability of sexual and reproductive healthcare for Venezuelan migrant women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic at the north-western border of Brazil-Venezuela

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

A systematic review of the indirect impacts of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health services and outcomes in humanitarian settings

A systematic review of the indirect impacts of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health services and outcomes in humanitarian settings

Assessment of sexual and reproductive access and use of menstrual products among Venezuelan migrant adult women at the Brazilian–Venezuelan border

Experiences of pregnant Venezuelan migrants/refugees in Brazil, Ecuador and Peru: a qualitative analysis

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