Assessment of the attitude towards childbirth in health sciences students - development and validation of the questionnaire Cave-St

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to report on the validation process of a questionnaire that explores health science students’ attitudes towards women’s childbirth experiences. This questionnaire can help inform education programs to enhance the quality of woman-professional interactions, and to improve women’s experiences of childbirth. A standardized procedure for the development and validation of the questionnaire included: item development and psychometric pre-validation, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient calculation, test–retest and item-total correlation for the reliability analysis. Content validity was undertaken by Delphi method with sixteen panelists over two rounds. We determined the factor structure and refined and validated the questionnaire according to the responses of a cohort of 560 students using principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation. Confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken. A 52-items questionnaire CAVE-st: (acronym for cuestionario de actitudes sobre vivencias y experiencias en el parto) was developed and validated. The results of the factor analysis finally revealed four latent dimensions. The questionnaire CAVE-st is a valid and reliable tool to assess health science students’ attitude towards women’s childbirth experiences. Further work to translate and adapt the instrument in other cultures and languages will be undertaken.

Obstetricians’ Attitude towards Childbirth

“…The item distributions among the 12 factors with their saturation coefficients and the correlation coefficient among the factors are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. We carried out a second exploratory analysis on the referred first-order factors, similar to previous studies using CAVE in other populations [17]. The KMO coefficient was 0.81, and Bartlett's sphericity test showed a chi-square value of 1003.33, with 66 degrees of freedom, and p < 0.0001.…”

“…The questionnaire included an informed consent document, a brief explanation of the reasons why the research was being held, the questionnaire on attitudes towards childbirth (CAVE, acronym for "cuestionario de actitudes sobre vivencias y experiencias en el parto") [17,18], and a series of sociodemographic questions such as gender, age, city of residence and work, type of practice (public/private), and whether the participant had children. The survey was anonymized and included an authorization request for the subsequent analysis of the collected data.…”

“…In addition, content validity was undertaken by a Delphi panel of 16 experts, over 2 rounds. The validation process has already been published [17], and the scale has been used in previous studies [18]. The Spanish language validation resource showed that the questionnaire was a valid and reliable tool, with a Cronbach s alpha coefficient of 0.…”

“…The Spanish language validation resource showed that the questionnaire was a valid and reliable tool, with a Cronbach s alpha coefficient of 0. The questions were designed to assess different components of attitude, including reactions to women's empowerment during labor, feelings about the accompaniment during childbirth, knowledge of the influence of psychosocial variables, professional role identity, reactions to possible unexpected outcomes, women's expectations, management of clinical care priorities, knowledge of birth-related trauma (BRT), feelings on women's participation in decision-making during labor, 'medicalization' of care, commitment, and respectful behavior [17].…”

The Role of Digital Transformation, Corporate Culture, and Leadership in Enhancing Corporate Sustainable Performance in the Manufacturing Sector of China

“…In line with the methodology employed by Judge and Douglas, we also analyzed environmental dynamism [164,165]. The innovative capability was measured using the scale created by Wahbeh, Sarnikar, El-Gayar, and Bogaert et al [166,167]. A scale devised by González-Mesa et al [167] was employed to quantify digital transformation.…”