Assessment of the Antigenotoxic Effects of Alginate and ZnO/Alginate–Nanocomposites Extracted from Brown Alga Fucus vesiculosus in Mice

Abstract

Mitomycin C (MMC) is an alkylating chemotherapy drug that could induce DNA damage and genetic alteration. It has been used as a model mutagen for in vivo and in vitro studies. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective role of Zinc oxide alginate–nanocomposites (ZnO-Alg/NCMs) against MMC–induced genotoxicity in mice. Animals were treated as follows: the control group, the groups treated with Algin (400 mg/kg b.w), the groups treated with ZnO-Alg/NCMs (400 mg/kg b.w), the group treated with MMC, and the groups treated with MMC plus Algin or ZnO-Alg/NCMs. Pre-treatment with Algin and ZnO-Alg/NCMs was repeated for one or seven days. Zinc oxide alginate-nanocomposites (ZnO-Alg/NCMs) were synthesized with the aim of incorporating the intrinsic properties of their constituents as an antigenotoxic substance. In this study, alginate was extracted from the brown marine alga Fucus vesiculosus, Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by using water extract of the same alga, and loaded in alginate to synthesize ZnO-Alg/NCMs. ZnO-NPs and ZnO-Alg/NCMs were characterized by TEM, SEM, EDX, and Zeta potential. The obtained results confirmed that by TEM and SEM, ZnO-NPs are rod shaped which modified, when loaded in alginate matrix, into spherical shape. The physical stability of ZnO-Alg/NCMs was reported to be higher than ZnO-NPs due to the presence of more negative charges on ZnO-Alg/NCMs. The EDX analysis indicated that the amount of zinc was higher in ZnO-NPs than ZnO-Alg/NCMs. The in vivo results showed that treatment with MMC induced genotoxic disturbances. The combined treatment with Algin and ZnO-Alg/NCMs succeeded in inducing significant protection against MMC. It could be concluded that ZnO-Algin/NCMs is a promising candidate to protect against MMC–induced genotoxicity.

Phytochemical and Potential Properties of Seaweeds and Their Recent Applications: A Review

“…Furthermore, this antioxidant property is vital in preventing generation of free radicals in cell, which prevents oxidative cell wall damage [31]. The antigenotoxic property of alginate oligosaccharide in form of nanocomposites extracted from brown alga has received significant attention [32]. Table 1 shows some of the activities and qualities of polysaccharides from seaweeds that are useful as antioxidants and anticancer agents.…”

The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from Fucus vesiculosus

“…The alginate extracted from F. vesiculosus was according to the methods of Hambali et al [ 31 ]. The F. vesiculosus alginate was characterized according to previous research by Hamouda et al [ 32 ].…”

Assessment of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Brown Algae Sargassum vulgare: Insight into Antioxidants, Anticancer, Antibacterial and Hepatoprotective Effect

“…Strojny-Cieślak [53] reported that graphene oxide-silver and graphene oxide nanoparticles had high cytocompatibility toward human cell lines, fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2), and lung epithelial cells (A549). ZnO-Alginate/NCMs induced significant protection against Mitomycin C (MMC) [54]. Salman et al [55] reported the oral treatment with Chitosan Nanoparticles (CNPs), and their loaded Capparis cartilaginea Decne extract, is safe; the chitosan nanoparticles exhibited powerful antigenotoxic properties.…”