Assessment of the Amount of Calcium Ions Released after the use of Different Chelating Agents and Agitation Protocols

Abstract

Background:The main goal of endodontic treatment is to achieve cleaning and shaping prior to the filling process.Objective:This study aimed to evaluate, using atomic absorption spectrometry, the release of Calcium ions after the use of different chelating agents and protocols of agitation.Method:Ninety human canine teeth were randomly assigned to one of nine groups (n=10), as follows: 1) 0.2% Chitosan and manual agitation; 2) 0.2% Chitosan and sonic agitation; 3) 0.2% Chitosan and ultrasonic agitation; 4) 17% EDTA and manual agitation; 5) 17% EDTA and sonic agitation; 6) 17% EDTA and ultrasonic agitation; 7) distilled water and manual agitation; 8) distilled water and sonic agitation; 9) distilled water and ultrasonic agitation. Following instrumentation, all chelating substances remained inside the root canal for 3 min. Then the fluid was collected for the identification and quantification of Calcium ions. The amount of Calcium ions released in each group was compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene tests followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significance was set at 5%.Results:The groups in which 0.2% Chitosan was used showed the highest concentration of Calcium ions (p<0.05). Concerning the agitation method, ultrasonic agitation showed the greatest values, followed by sonic and manual agitation (all comparisons, p<0.05).Conclusion:The present findings suggest that, among the combinations here tested, Chitosan associated with ultrasonic agitation yielded the greatest release of Calcium ions.

Quantification of Calcium Ions From the Irrigants Activated With Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser in the Root Dentin: An In Vitro Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Study

“…The proficiency of a chelating agent depends on several factors, like time of application, pH, concentration, and amount of the irrigant. Thus, in this study, final irrigation was used for three minutes with a volume of 5 mL, which is in accordance with previous studies [19,24].…”

“…In the present study, the decalcifying features of two chelating agents were examined, which were activated with an Er:YAG laser. When chelating agents interact with dentin, there is the release of calcium ions from the dentin, which increases dentin permeability and hence plays a vital role in the removal of the SL [ 24 ]. The productiveness of 0.2% CNPs and 15% EDTA, both activated with laser, was assessed depending on the quantity of calcium ions released using AASF with flame, which permits quantifying the calcium ion concentration present in the solution after irrigation, in accordance with previous authors [ 7 , 20 ].…”

Effectiveness of different endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis: an ex vivo study.

“…The choice of bovine dentin for infection and disinfection tests has been well accepted 14,20 . Bovine dentin appears to be a suitable substitute for human dentin, and factors such as ease of obtaining and handling and the use of Therefore, inconsistent results with regard to the effectiveness of several irrigants against E. faecalis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]24 reinforce the need to consider whether or not performing paraendodontic surgery in cases of endodontic failure. Although the evolution of endodontic systems has reduced the preparation time 25 , resulting in less contact of the irrigant with dentin walls, there is still a need for further research on the effectiveness of irrigants in this scenario.…”