Assessment of temporal shifting of PM2.5, lockdown effect, and influences of seasonal meteorological factors over the fastest-growing megacity, Dhaka

Faisal, Abdullah-Al-; Kafy, Abdulla Al; Fattah, Md. Abdul; Jahir, Dewan Md. Amir; Rakib, Abdullah Al; Rahaman, Zullyadini A.; Ferdousi, Jannatul; Huang, Xiao

doi:10.1007/s41324-022-00441-w

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, this study found that wind speed (m s −1 ) has a positive correlation (r 2 = 0.34) while air pressure (hPa) has a negative (r 2 = −0.24) correlation. Faisal et al [38] found that the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the PM 2.5 and meteorological variables was negative with rainfall (mm/h) (r 2 = −0.62) and humidity (kg m −2 ) r 2 = (−0.82) but positive with wind speed (m s −1 ) (r 2 = 0.09) and air temperature (k) (r 2 = −0.73) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In addition, a Pearson correlation revealed a significant association among the pollutants, while a significant correlation was observed between PM 2.5 and surface temperature (k), which is similar to our paper's results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic variables have an important role in assessing PM 2.5 in rural and urban areas. The authors of [38] conducted research on the relationship between PM 2.5 and seasonal meteorological factors in Dhaka, Bangladesh, where they found that rainfall and temperature had a negative association with PM 2.5 . Rainfall was also negative in Dhaka [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

2023

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The major industrial cities of Bangladesh are experiencing significant air-pollution-related problems due to the increased trend of particulate matter (PM2.5) and other pollutants. This paper aimed to investigate and understand the relationship between PM2.5 and land use and climatic variables to identify the riskiest areas and population groups using a geographic information system and regression analysis. The results show that about 41% of PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3) increased within 19 years (2002–2021) in the study area, while the highest concentration of PM2.5 was found from 2012 to 2021. The concentrations of PM2.5 were higher over barren lands, forests, croplands, and urban areas. From 2002–2021, the concentration increased by about 64%, 62.7%, 57%, and 55% (μg/m3) annually over barren lands, forests, cropland, and urban regions. The highest concentration level of PM2.5 (84 μg/m3) among other land use classes was found in urban areas in 2021. The regression analysis shows that air pressure (hPa) (r2 = −0.26), evaporation (kg m−2) (r2 = −0.01), humidity (kg m−2) (r2 = −0.22), rainfall (mm/h) (r2 = −0.20), and water vapor (kg m−2) (r2 = −0.03) were negatively correlated with PM2.5. On the other hand, air temperature (k) (r2 = 0.24), ground heat (W m−2) (r2 = 0.60), and wind speed (m s−1) (r2 = 0.34) were positively correlated with PM2.5. More than 60 Upazilas were included in the most polluted areas, with a total population of 11,260,162 in the high-risk/hotspot zone (1,948,029 aged 0–5, 485,407 aged 50–69). Governmental departments along with policymakers, stainable development practitioners, academicians, and others may use the main results of the paper for integrated air pollution mitigation and management in Bangladesh as well as in other geographical settings worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

2023

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“…PM 2•5 concentrations reaches their peaks in the morning and night time where it drops at evening time. The transportation sector, particularly trucks and buses, is one of the main sources of PM 2•5 emissions in Dhaka City [15]. The fact that trucks and long-distance buses are allowed to operate inside the city from 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. may be a major factor in the morning's greater PM 2•5 concentrations than in the afternoon and evening.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Series Analysis PM<sub>2•5</sub> Concentration for Capital City Dhaka from 2016 to 2023

Majumder,

Rahman,

Patoary

et al. 2024

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Dhaka, as the epicenter of economic, political, and cultural activity, has been actively pursuing urbanization, modernization, and development in line with global trends. The rise in unplanned urbanization, industrialization, and other human activities have led to an escalation in air pollution levels. The quality of air in Dhaka is progressively declining over time. It has become a significant challenge due to its detrimental effects on both human health and the environment. The objectives of the study to analyze the air quality in Dhaka city over eight years, from 2016 to 2023 and to assess the relation between concentration of PM 2•5 and meteorological characteristics in Dhaka city. AQI and PM 2•5 data has been collected from the website of U.S. Embassy Dhaka and meteorological data from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Data processing and analysis have been conducted by using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Annual variations indicated that 2023 experienced the highest air pollution levels with an average PM 2•5 concentration of 103.67 µg/m³ which is 2.96 times higher than the national ambient air quality standards level. Furthermore, shifting variation analysis demonstrated that air quality deteriorated in the night to morning, reaching an unhealthy level, largely attributed to heavy traffic. Along with that seasonal variations illustrate that winter had the highest PM 2•5 levels where monsoon had lower, linked to factors like biomass burning and reduced rainfall. This variance is due to the interaction of a number of different meteorological phenomena. Moreover, Weekly variations showed Thursday to have the highest air pollution. The percentage of "Good" days is very poor and with that "Unhealthy" and "Very Unhealthy" AQI categories significantly increased, posing a serious threat to public health. To address this, a range of short, mid, and long-term strategies are recommended, including improved public awareness, sustainable constructions and transportation options, and stricter environmental regulations.

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“…Bangladesh is densely populated, with cities housing more than one-third of the population, and its air quality is among the worst in the world [ 9 , 10 ]. According to a global report on air pollution and health burden, Bangladesh documented a total of 173,500 deaths due to air pollution in 2019, which is over 50,000 more than the previous year, and it has been ranked as ninth among the top ten countries with the highest level of outdoor Ambient Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), which is very small at 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less, produced by all types of combustion common in urban and rural areas [ 11 – 13 ]. The most harmful particulate matter (PM 2.5), may cause significant health effects by entering deep into the respiratory tract and caused by 74,000 fatalities in Bangladesh [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding air pollution and health effects among general people: A multi-divisional cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

Siddique,

Sujan,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with more than one-third of its people living in cities, and its air quality is among the worst in the world. The present study aimed to measure knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards air pollution and health effects among the general population living in the large cities in Bangladesh. Methods A cross-sectional e-survey was conducted between May and July 2022 among eight divisions in Bangladesh. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to recruit a total of 1,603 participants (55.58% males; mean age: 23.84 ± 5.93 years). A semi-structured questionnaire including informed consent, socio-demographic information, as well as questions regarding knowledge (11-item), attitudes (7-item) and practice (11-item) towards air pollution, was used to conduct the survey. All analyses (descriptive statistics and regression analyses) were performed using STATA (Version 15.0) and SPSS (Version 26.0). Results The mean scores of the knowledge, attitudes, and practice were 8.51 ± 2.01 (out of 11), 19.24 ± 1.56 (out of 21), and 12.65 ±5.93 (out of 22), respectively. The higher scores of knowledge, attitudes, and practice were significantly associated with several socio-demographic factors, including educational qualification, family type, residential division, cooking fuel type, etc. Conclusions The present study found a fair level of knowledge and attitudes towards air pollution; however, the level of practice is not particularly noteworthy. The finding suggests the need to create more awareness among the general population to increase healthy practice to reduce the health effects of air pollution.

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Assessment of temporal shifting of PM2.5, lockdown effect, and influences of seasonal meteorological factors over the fastest-growing megacity, Dhaka

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

Time Series Analysis PM<sub>2•5</sub> Concentration for Capital City Dhaka from 2016 to 2023

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding air pollution and health effects among general people: A multi-divisional cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

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Assessment of temporal shifting of PM2.5, lockdown effect, and influences of seasonal meteorological factors over the fastest-growing megacity, Dhaka

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

Land Use and the Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in Central Bangladesh

Time Series Analysis PM&lt;sub&gt;2•5&lt;/sub&gt; Concentration for Capital City Dhaka from 2016 to 2023

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding air pollution and health effects among general people: A multi-divisional cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

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Time Series Analysis PM<sub>2•5</sub> Concentration for Capital City Dhaka from 2016 to 2023