Assessment of strength development and freeze–thaw performance of cement treated clays at different water contents

Eskişar, Tuğba; Altun, Selim; Kalıpcılar, İrem

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.12.008

Cited by 75 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Weathering condition was studied by applying freeze thaw cycles on untreated and treated soil specimens to evaluate their durability. According to the previous studies (Eskişar et al 2015;Ahmadi et al 2020), the optimum content of additives leads to the increase in freeze thaw durability performance of ne grained soils. Therefore, KUNT, KXG1.5, KPG2.5 and KPG2C2 specimens were chosen to be tested.…”

Section: Durability Testsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Novel Clean Biopolymer-Based Additive To Improve Mechanical And Microstructural Properties of Clayey Soil

Ghasemzadeh

Modiri

Darvishan

2021

Preprint

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Conventional soil additives, as a sector of construction materials, can cause serious environmental problems due to their cement-dependent nature. To eliminate destroying effects of these kinds of additives, environmentally friendly ones have gained great consideration. Although polysaccharides are considered as powerful biocompatible soil additives in recent studies, the effect of their crosslinked hydrogel with elevated rheological and adhesive properties has been very rarely investigated in soil stabilization. In this paper, calcium chloride was used as ionic crosslinker to enhance recently proposed Persian gum biopolymer as a novel polysaccharide-based additive for clayey soil stabilization. A group of macro and micro scale tests including unconfined compressive strength (UCS), direct shear test (DS), freeze thaw durability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), stereo zoom microscopy (SZM), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (N2-BET) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted. The tests were also performed on soil treated with xanthan gum as a common hydrocolloid of soil stabilization. As the results show, the introduced ionic crosslinked hydrogel at its optimum content has superior performance than well-known xanthan gum in terms of soil strength and ductility. Crosslinking has also positive effects on durability results of pure Persian gum to make it comparable to xanthan gum. Consumption of lower amounts of Persian gum at presence of ionic crosslinker can make stabilization projects more economical efficient. Microscale tests also confirmed the powerful impact of optimum modified hydrogel on soil interstructure by filling the pores, agglomeration of soil particles and formation of new cementitious compounds in the mineralogical structure of the soil.

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Section: Durability Testsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Novel Clean Biopolymer-Based Additive To Improve Mechanical And Microstructural Properties of Clayey Soil

Ghasemzadeh

Modiri

Darvishan

2021

Preprint

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“…However, the change in UCS values of the other eight samples showed a second trend, unlike in the first trend, there was no stage in which the UCS value increased as the freeze-thaw cycle time increased: The UCS value simply decrease with the increase in freeze-thaw cycle time before finally stabilizing. Despite this variation in trends, the conclusion is thus that the freeze-thaw cycle generally reduced the UCS value of the samples [51,57,58]. Figure 5 shows how UCS deteriorates with increasing freeze-thaw cycles and is significantly affected by different contents levels of all three binders, especially cement and quicklime.…”

Section: Mineral Name Chemical Composition Hydration Reaction Processmentioning

confidence: 95%

Influence of Freeze–Thaw Cycles and Binder Dosage on the Engineering Properties of Compound Solidified/Stabilized Lead-Contaminated Soils

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The solidification/stabilization (S/S) method is the usual technique for the remediation of soils polluted by heavy metal in recent years. However, freeze-thaw cycles, an important physical process producing weathering of materials, will affect the long-term stability of engineering characteristics in solidified contaminated soil. In addition, it is still questionable whether using large dosages of binders can enhance the engineering properties of solidified/stabilized contaminated soils. In this study, the three most commonly used binders (i.e., cement, quicklime, and fly ash), alone and mixed in different ratios, were thus added to lead-contaminated soil in various dosages, making a series of cured lead-contaminated soils with different dosages of binders. Afterward, unconfined compression strength tests, direct shear tests, and permeability tests were employed on the resulting samples to find the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), secant modulus (E 50 ), internal friction angle (ϕ), cohesion (c), and permeability coefficient (k) of each solidified/stabilized lead-contaminated soil after 0, 3, 7, and 14 days of freeze-thaw cycles. This procedure was aimed at evaluating the influence of freeze-thaw cycle and binder dosage on engineering properties of solidified/stabilized lead-contaminated soils. Results of our experiments showed that cement/quicklime/fly ash could remediate lead-contaminated soils. However, it did not mean that the more the dosage of binder, the better the curing effect. There was a critical dosage. Excessive cementation of contaminated soils caused by too much binder would result in loss of strength and an increase in permeability. Furthermore, it was found that UCS, E 50 , ϕ, c, and k values generally decreased with the increase in freeze-thaw cycle time-a deterioration effect on the engineering characteristics of solidified lead-contaminated soils. Avoiding excessive cementation, 2.5% cement or quicklime was favorable for the value of E 50 while a 2.5% fly ash additive was beneficial for the k value. It is also suggested that if the freeze-thaw cycle continues beyond the period supported by excessive cementation, such a cycle will rapidly destroy the original structure of the soil and create large cracks, leading to an increase in permeability. The results also showed that the contaminated soils with a larger dosage of binders exhibited more significant deterioration during freeze-thaw cycles.

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“…However, cemented soil has disadvantages in strength and durability [2] and improving the performance of cemented soil is essential for its application. In cold regions, when temperature drops below 0°C in winter, the pore water freezes and causes volume expansion, which seriously endangers the safety of public transport [3]. As a byproduct of industrial production, solid waste has huge reserves and improper disposal of solid waste could cause critical environmental hazards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Freezing‐Thawing Cycle on the Mechanical Properties and Micromechanism of Red Mud‐Calcium‐Based Composite Cemented Soil

Hao

Suo

Hao

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The environmental issues caused by solid waste have become increasingly serious. Adding additive is considered as an effective measure to improve the performance of the cemented soil. Therefore, the feasibility study of solid waste such as red mud and desulfurization gypsum used in composite cemented soil is in urgent demand. In this study, the mechanical properties and durability to freezing-thawing cycle of red mud-calcium-based composite cemented soil (RMCC) were analyzed through compressive strength test, resistivity test, and freezing-thawing cycle test. The action mechanism of RMCC was revealed through a series of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) test. The results show that the optimal red mud content in RMCC is 12%. As the freezing-thawing cycle progresses, the difference in resistivity and pressure sensitivity of RMCC gradually weakens. When the freezing-thawing cycle reaches 7, the pressure sensitivity characteristic of RMCC is lost. The change in resistivity and pressure sensitivity can be used to characterize the damage caused by the freezing-thawing cycle. Combined with XRD and SEM analysis, the presence of minerals such as K2Ca5(SO4)6·H2O and (Ca, Na)2(Si, Al)5O10·3H2O play a key role in fixation of alkali metal elements, and the coordination of CSH gel cementation effect and AFt filling effect has a significant impact on mechanical properties. The study provides an effective way to the utilization of red mud and desulfurization gypsum in subgrade strengthening.

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Assessment of strength development and freeze–thaw performance of cement treated clays at different water contents

Cited by 75 publications

References 30 publications

A Novel Clean Biopolymer-Based Additive To Improve Mechanical And Microstructural Properties of Clayey Soil

A Novel Clean Biopolymer-Based Additive To Improve Mechanical And Microstructural Properties of Clayey Soil

Influence of Freeze–Thaw Cycles and Binder Dosage on the Engineering Properties of Compound Solidified/Stabilized Lead-Contaminated Soils

Effect of Freezing‐Thawing Cycle on the Mechanical Properties and Micromechanism of Red Mud‐Calcium‐Based Composite Cemented Soil

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