Assessment of sorghum germplasm from Burkina Faso and South Africa to identify new sources of resistance to grain mold and anthracnose

Cuevas, Hugo E.; Prom, Louis K.; Isakeit, Thomas; Radwan, Ghada

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.007

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Many breeding programs in the United States extensively used sorghum germplasm from Ethiopia and Sudan as valuable source of genetic diversity for drought tolerance and resistance to numerous diseases (Prom and Erpelding, 2009;Cuevas et al, 2012Cuevas et al, , 2016Upadahyaya et al, 2009). Though these are important centers for sorghum germplasm genetic variation, photoperiod sensitivity inherited with the vast majority of tropical germplasm accessions, place limitations on the utilization of this genetic resources as potential donors of genes for the development of new abiotic or biotic stress tolerant varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agro-morphological characterization of diverse sorghum lines for pre-and post-flowering drought tolerance

Emendack¹,

Burke²,

Sanchez³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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The impact of drought stress on sorghum yield does not only depend on the intensity and timing of drought, but as well on the developmental stage of the crop. One of the limitations in breeding for pre-and/or postflowering drought stress resistance in sorghum is the less availability of diverse genetic sources possessing drought tolerant agro-morphological or physiological traits that could be introgressed into elite sorghum lines. This research evaluate a diverse group of 54 introgressed, converted, and commonly used sorghum breeding lines for their tolerance to field drought stress imposed at the pre-flowering and post-anthesis developmental stages in 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. Agro-morphological characteristics such as panicle area, panicle width, and percent green leaf and yield-related characteristics such as total above ground dry biomass and dry panicle weight were identified as significant predictors of grain yield under water stress. The current research identifies other sources that could be use by breeding programs as donor lines for traits related to pre-and postflowering drought tolerance in sorghum. Following statistical distribution and Tukey-Krammer HSD connecting letter tests, lines JB39, SC191, and SC270 and RIL R.11269 were identified as plausible sources for pre-flowering drought tolerance, and JB14, JB15, JB19, JB22, JB24, JB25, JB26, and JB33 as sources for the staygreen trait. While the staygreen is a good selection tool for postflowering drought tolerance, identifying staygreen lines with minimal reductions in grain yield and with earlier flowering dates (JB14, JB22, JB24 and JB25 in this study) than most commonly used staygreen donor lines, will ensure that grain yield is not over sacrificed by the ability of the crop to staygreen under terminal drought conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agro-morphological characterization of diverse sorghum lines for pre-and post-flowering drought tolerance

Emendack¹,

Burke²,

Sanchez³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…Several sources of anthracnose resistance have been identified in tropical and temperate-adapted germplasm. The screening of the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) sorghum germplasm collection resulted in multiple sources of resistance being identified Erpelding 2011;Prom et al 2011;Erpelding 2012;Cuevas et al 2014b;Cuevas et al 2016). Most of these resistance sources are, however, tropical germplasm that cannot be integrated into U.S. sorghum breeding programs without conversion through introgression of photoperiod insensitivity using dwarfing and early maturity genes (Thurber et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genomic Dissection of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) Resistance Response in Sorghum Differential Line SC112-14

Cruet-Burgos

Cuevas

Prom

et al. 2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Sorghum production is expanding to warmer and more humid regions where its production is being limited by multiple fungal pathogens. Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum sublineolum, is one of the major diseases in these regions, where it can cause yield losses of both grain and biomass. In this study, 114 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from resistant sorghum line SC112-14 were evaluated at four distinct geographic locations in the United States for response to anthracnose. A genome scan using a high-density linkage map of 3,838 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected two loci at 5.25 and 1.18 Mb on chromosomes 5 and 6, respectively, that explain up to 59% and 44% of the observed phenotypic variation. A bin-mapping approach using a subset of 31 highly informative RILs was employed to determine the disease response to inoculation with ten anthracnose pathotypes in the greenhouse. A genome scan showed that the 5.25 Mb region on chromosome 5 is associated with a resistance response to nine pathotypes. Five SNP markers were developed and used to fine map the locus on chromosome 5 by evaluating 1,500 segregating F2:3 progenies. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic analyses of 11 recombinants, the locus was narrowed down to a 470-kb genomic region. Following a genome-wide association study based on 574 accessions previously phenotyped and genotyped, the resistance locus was delimited to a 34-kb genomic interval with five candidate genes. All five candidate genes encode proteins associated with plant immune systems, suggesting they may act in synergy in the resistance response.

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“…The 10 sorghum lines evaluated in this study, including checks BTx623, TAM428, and PI609251 were all susceptible when challenged with C. sublineola in the greenhouse and as expected SC748 was resistant to the disease (Table 1). Nevertheless, a large number of sorghum lines with anthracnose resistance have been identified previously in both field and greenhouse evaluations [1,2,[15][16][17][18]. However, the hyper-variability of C. sublineola requires continual screening to identify resistant sources, especially sorghum lines with different resistance genes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallholder Farmers Vulnerability Level to Climate Change Impacts and Implications to Agricultural Production in Tigray Regional State, Northern Ethiopia

Addisu¹,

Olago²,

Wandiga³

et al. 2019

JAC

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Vulnerability to climate change impact is the most pressing issues for less developed countries whose economy mainly depends on the agricultural sector. The demand for food is growing swiftly whereas impacts of climate change on the global food production are increasing. More area specific research outputs and evidences-based policy directions are needed to tackle the ever changing climate and to reduce its impacts on the agricultural production. The aim of this study was to investigate subsistence farmer household’s vulnerability level to climate change impacts and its associations with household’s agricultural production. Then primary data was collected from 400 households from Kolla Temben District, Tigray Regional State, North Ethiopia. Multistage sampling techniques were applied to select households for interview from the district. In the first stage, 4 Kebelles (Kebelle - administration unit) were selected randomly out of 27 Kebelles and then400 households were selected for interview through systematic random sampling techniques (Figure 1). Multiple regressions were used to examine the associations between household’s vulnerability to climate change impacts and agricultural production. Grounded theory and content analysis techniques were use to analyze data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions. For every single unit increase in household vulnerability to climate change impacts, there was an average agricultural production decrease between 16.99 and 25.83 (Table 4). For single unit increase in household’s vulnerability to climate change impact, there was a decrease of total crop production, Total income, total livestock, total food consumption and food consumption per adult equivalent. Rainfall decrease, small farmland ownership, steep topography, frequent flood occurrences and large family size are among the major factors that negatively affect household’s agricultural production and total income. The more the vulnerable the households, the less in total annual crop production, total livestock size, total income from agricultural production and the more dependent on food aid). There is a negative association between household’s vulnerability level to climate change impacts and agricultural production (crop production, total livestock ownerships and total income from crop production). More access to irrigation and agricultural fertilizers, improved varieties of crops, small family size, improve farmland ownership size, more access to education and Agricultural Extension services are an effective areas of intervention to improve household’s resilient, reduce households vulnerability level to climate change impacts and increase household’s total agricultural production.

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Assessment of sorghum germplasm from Burkina Faso and South Africa to identify new sources of resistance to grain mold and anthracnose

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Agro-morphological characterization of diverse sorghum lines for pre-and post-flowering drought tolerance

Agro-morphological characterization of diverse sorghum lines for pre-and post-flowering drought tolerance

Genomic Dissection of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) Resistance Response in Sorghum Differential Line SC112-14

Smallholder Farmers Vulnerability Level to Climate Change Impacts and Implications to Agricultural Production in Tigray Regional State, Northern Ethiopia

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