Assessment of Solar Energy Source Distribution and Potential in Zambia

Mwanza, Mabvuto; Chakchak, Jamel; Çetin, Numan Sabit; Ülgen, Koray

doi:10.21533/pen.v5i2.71

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Determine Battery Operated Hours Climatemps (2019) reported that Lusaka, the capital city of Zambia at latitude 15°25'S and longitude 28°27'E receives a minimum of 5 h, an average of 7:35 h and a maximum of 09:42 h sunshine per day. This is in agreement with the results obtained by (Mwanza et al, 2017). We determined the battery operated hours using Equation 1:…”

Section: Step I-solar Pv Systems Designsupporting

confidence: 91%

Automated Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) Pheromone Trap Based on Machine Learning

Chiwamba¹,

Phiri²,

Nkunika³

et al. 2019

Journal of Computer Science

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Maize is the main food crop that meets the nutritional needs of both humans and livestock in the sub-Saharan African region. Maize crop has in the recent past been threatened by the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E Smith) which has caused considerable maize yield losses in the region. Controlling this pest requires knowledge on the time, location and extent of infestation. In addition, the insect pest's abundance and environmental conditions should be predicted as early as possible for integrated pest management to be effective. Consequently, a fall armyworm pheromone trap was deployed as a monitoring tool in the present study. The trap inspection is currently carried out manually every week. The purpose of this paper is to bring automation to the trap. We modify the trap and integrate Internet of Things technologies which include a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ microcomputer , Atmel 8-bit AVR microcontroller, 3G cellular modem and various sensors powered with an off-grid solar photovoltaic system to capture real-time fall armyworm moth images, environmental conditions and provide real-time indications of the pest occurrences. The environmental conditions include Geographical Positioning System coordinates, temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction. The captured images together with environmental conditions are uploaded to the cloud server where the image is classified instantly using Google's pre-trained InceptionV3 Machine Learning model. Intended users view captured data including prediction accuracy via a web application. Once this smart technology is adopted, the labour-intensive task of monitoring will reduce while stakeholders shall be provided with a near real-time insight into the FAW situation in the field therefore enabling pro-activeness in their management of such a devastating pest.

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Section: Step I-solar Pv Systems Designsupporting

confidence: 91%

Automated Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) Pheromone Trap Based on Machine Learning

Chiwamba¹,

Phiri²,

Nkunika³

et al. 2019

Journal of Computer Science

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“…It is also important to note that 95% of the Zambian population consume woodfuel posing a threat for deforestation. Even though 66% of Zambia's total land area is covered by the forest, this is being lost as a result of population increase putting pressure on the woodlands [10].…”

Section: Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While most of these energy sources are available within, petroleum is wholly imported. With a national electrification rate of 26%, 25% is consumed by households in urban areas while in rural areas the electrification rate is at 3% [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Overview Of Zambia's Energy Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electricity generation mix is comprised of hydro, diesel, thermal, solar and Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). The hydro generation mix comprises major and mini power stations [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. ZESCO owns the bulk of the generation stations while the rest are owned by Independent Power Producers (IPPs).…”

Section: Current Power Generation In Zambiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Consuption of Alternative Sources of Energy: A Detailed Analysis in Low and High Areas of Kabulonga and Chawama Townships of Lusaka City

Chipoya¹

2019

JENR

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Providing sustainable energy access is one of the most critical global challenges. Both developed and developing nations depend on a variety of primary energy sources like coal, natural gas, biomass, oil and renewable energy to produce electricity. Following the power deficit that was experienced in Zambia between 2015 and 2017 the government has been doing everything possible to develop a diversified renewable energy sector that will play a pivotal role in the provision of alternative sources of energy in the country. However, the intensifying levels of load shedding forced domestic consumers to resort to alternative sources of energy such as; charcoal, generators and gas stoves. This paper assesses the consumption and sustainability of alternative energy sources in high and low density population areas in Lusaka and focusing on households. The study was done on a representative sample of Lusaka from two areas namely Kabulonga, and Chawama representing low and high density respectively. Data was obtained through administering questionnaires to household heads. Results showed that energy consumption behaviour of households varies from one region to another and not all factors are equally important in determining energy consumption in different areas and regions. It was also revealed that the energy consumption decision is affected by economic factors such as market price of fuel, household income, household expenditures and noneconomic factors which include; a set of household characteristics such as household size, gender, education, house ownership, type of dwelling, location of residence, household age, distance to fuel source, and access to electricity. The results showed that 36% respondents in Kabulonga use electricity against 31.1% in Chawama, 29% use gas in Kabulonga against 26% in Chawama. It was noted that more respondents in Chawama use solar at 8.9% against 2% in Kabulonga and also that those that use charcoal in Chawama were 26.7% more than the Charcoal users in Kabulonga at 11%. While the government of Zambia is working on resolving power challenges that the country recently faced, building more hydropower stations has remained their focus. These major hydropower developments will not likely solve the power deficit or climate change effects being experienced such as low water levels due to droughts.

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“…Nigeria receives an average daily solar radiation around 7.0 kWh/m 2 in the northern part and approximately 3.5 kWh/m 2 in the coastal latitudes [6], while Makurdi has a monthly average daily global solar radiation around 263 W/m 2 [7]. The intensity of solar radiation has also been assessed by several studies across different regions [8][9][10][11][12]. Solar energy has been harnessed for several applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting television satellite dish for low-temperature solar thermal application: Experimental evaluation

Adetifa

Salami²,

Samuel³

et al. 2018

PEN

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Digital television broadcasting is currently becoming popular and as a result, the purchase of television cable dishes and other accessories are on the rise. Abandoned television satellite dishes continue to litter our environment due to obsolescence. Finding alternative use stands as a control measure for this inevitable environmental degradation. This paper, therefore, investigates the adaptation for low temperature solar thermal application. The TV satellite dish selected for this study has a diameter of 33.9 cm, depth of 9 cm and a focal point of 31.2 cm. The components added to the dish include; a reflective surface, pot stand, adjustable chain, dish support stand and base, control arm. This system was used in carrying out stagnation test on three different types of pots (aluminium, iron and stainless steel pots) positioned at the focal point. Other performance parameters studied include; standard stagnation temperature (SST) and the rate of change of pot temperature. The maximum stagnation temperatures attained by the inside of the iron, aluminium and stainless steel pots were 68, 80 and 82 °C respectively after 10, 13 and 40 minutes respectively; while their respective maximum SST were 100, 57 and 50 o C. The maximum temperature change inside the iron, aluminium and stainless steel pots were above 9, 12 and 10 o C/min. The result gathered shows that this system will be suitable for lower temperature applications like pasteurization, sterilization, household water heating, etc.

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Assessment of Solar Energy Source Distribution and Potential in Zambia

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Automated Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) Pheromone Trap Based on Machine Learning

Automated Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) Pheromone Trap Based on Machine Learning

Assessing the Consuption of Alternative Sources of Energy: A Detailed Analysis in Low and High Areas of Kabulonga and Chawama Townships of Lusaka City

Adapting television satellite dish for low-temperature solar thermal application: Experimental evaluation

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