Assessment of soil erosion rates in a Mediterranean cultivated and uncultivated soils using fallout 137Cs

Meliho, Modeste; Nouira, Asmae; Benmansour, M.; Boulmane, Mohamed; Khattabi, Abdellatif; Mhammdi, Nadia; Benkdad, Azzouz

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106021

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The excess inventory A ex (t 1 ) of 210 Pb ex at the end of the old period of cultivation is equal to the subtraction of the reference inventory from the inventory A(t 1 ) determined from Equation (5). It is used to determine the deposition rate R 1 (kg m −2 y −1 ) according to Equation (6) [9,10].…”

Section: Case 1: Deposition During the Old Period Of Cultivation And mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rates of soil loss are strongly related to longer-term sustainability of soil resources [ 1 ]. Fallouts of 137 Cs and 210 Pb are widely used to estimate rates of soil loss in the landscape [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. 137 Cs is used to produce information on erosion rates over the past 50 years [ 9 ] and 210 Pb fallout (or 210 Pb excess, noted as 210 Pb ex ) is used to provide information relating to a longer period of up to 100 years [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of 137Cs and 210Pb Radioactive Atmospheric Fallouts to Estimate Soil Erosion for the Same Time Scale

Gharbi

AlSheddi

Ammar

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Naturally occurring 210Pb and artificial 137Cs fallouts are widely used as radioactive tracers for the determination of water-induced soil erosion for different time scales equal to 50 and 100 years, respectively. There exist several calibration models useful to convert the variation of the inventory of these radiotracers in cultivated soil compared to its value on non-disturbed soil to a soil erosion rate. The most comprehensive calibration models are based on a mass balance approach. In the present work, a new calibration model is proposed. It consists on the generalization of the mass balance approach to a cultivated soil subject to two successive and continuous periods of cultivation. The proposed model combines 210Pb and 137Cs fallouts for the same time scale by relaxing the constraint on 210Pb fallout from being used for 100 years’ time scale. The model was applied successfully to hypothetical cases and can be used to measure soil erosion rates for practical cases. It is important to note that the proposed model has two main advantages. First, the complementarity between 210Pb and 137Cs fallouts is for the same time scale and not for different time scales, as usually considered and believed in this field. Second, 210Pb fallout is used for time scales less than 100 years. This makes the model useful to estimate soil erosion rates for two successive periods of cultivation. To the best knowledge of the authors, the combination of 210Pb and 137Cs fallouts for the determination of soil erosion rate variation due to change in cultivation practices for the same time scale has never been developed or applied in the past.

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Section: Case 1: Deposition During the Old Period Of Cultivation And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of 137Cs and 210Pb Radioactive Atmospheric Fallouts to Estimate Soil Erosion for the Same Time Scale

Gharbi

AlSheddi

Ammar

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and distribution in mountainous agrosystem is governed by numerous factors such as the location and topographical characteristics, altitude, slope percentage, and exposure or cardinal directions (Meliho et al, 2019;Tsozué et al, 2019). In addition, vegetation type plays a crucial role in determining the organic matter inputs and thus the SOC composition and the soil physical, biological, and chemical properties especially in the upper soil layers (Fu et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Tessala Mount in North-West Algeria-Preliminary Estimates

Merabtene¹,

Faraoun²,

Mlih

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Mountainous forests in Algeria are severely affected by climate change. The degradation is exacerbated by overgrazing, deforestation, and poor land management linked to the harsh topographical conditions of the mountain agrosystem. These conditions have influenced the turnover of the soil organic matter and thus the SOC stocks storage. This study aims to investigate the average of organic carbon stored in forest soils of Tessala Mount in Algeria and to examine the influence of different plant formations alongside with geographical characteristics and soil physicochemical properties on the amount of carbon stored in the soil. We estimated the critical threshold, the saturation point, and the organic carbon deficit of soils. The correlation between geographical characteristics and soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon stocks was determined using principal component analysis and other statistical tools. The results of the study show that the organic carbon stock in soils of Tessala Mount area has an average value of 77.4 t ha−1. The maximum average of SOC stocks (121 t ha−1) of 0–30 cm depth was noted under dense matorral of green and kermes oak followed by sparse garrigue with a value of 112 t ha−1. The soil organic carbon stock in Tessala region was positively correlated with coarse silt, elevation, and northern exposure, but negatively with calcium carbonates contents. The current carbon contents of Tessala topsoil are 22 g C kg−1 which is very low and closer to the critical threshold (11 g C kg−1) whose estimate was based on their clay and silt content. The estimated maximum storage capacity is 160 g C kg−1. The preliminary estimate of the forest soils organic carbon stock of Tessala Mount under current natural conditions indicates an alarming situation with a low rate close to the critical threshold, thus exposing this area to further and stronger degradation.

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“…Tillage and climate change can be considered the main threats that Mediterranean land faced in the last decades and the ones that challenge the future [21,22]. Nowadays, it is widely accepted that tillage is one of the main causes of the highest erosion rates in agricultural lands in the Mediterranean [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage Versus No-Tillage. Soil Properties and Hydrology in an Organic Persimmon Farm in Eastern Iberian Peninsula

Cerdà

Rodrigo‐Comino

Yakupoğlu

et al. 2020

Water

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There is an urgent need to implement environmentally friendly agriculture management practices to achieve the Sustainable Goals for Development (SDGs) of the United Nations by 2030. Mediterranean agriculture is characterized by intense and millennia-old tillage management and as a consequence degraded soil. No-Tillage has been widely examined as a solution for soil degradation but No-Tillage relies more on the application of herbicides that reduce plant cover, which in turn enhances soil erosion. However, No-Tillage with weed cover should be researched to promote organic farming and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, we compare Tillage against No-Tillage using weed cover as an alternative strategy to reduce soil losses in persimmon plantations, both of them under organic farming management. To achieve these goals, two plots were established at “La Canyadeta” experimental station on 25-years old Persimmon plantations, which are managed with Tillage and No-Tillage for 3 years. A survey of the soil cover, soil properties, runoff generation and initial soil losses using rainfall simulation experiments at 55 mm h−1 in 0.25 m2 plot was carried out. Soils under Tillage are bare (96.7%) in comparison to the No-Tillage (16.17% bare soil), with similar organic matter (1.71 vs. 1.88%) and with lower bulk densities (1.23 vs. 1.37 g cm3). Tillage induces faster ponding (60 vs. 92 s), runoff (90 vs. 320 s) and runoff outlet (200 vs. 70 s). The runoff discharge was 5.57 times higher in the Tillage plots, 8.64 for sediment concentration and 48.4 for soil losses. We conclude that No-tillage shifted the fate of the tilled field after 3 years with the use of weeds as a soil cover conservation strategy. This immediate effect of No-Tillage under organic farming conditions is very promising to achieve the SDGs.

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Assessment of soil erosion rates in a Mediterranean cultivated and uncultivated soils using fallout 137Cs

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Combination of 137Cs and 210Pb Radioactive Atmospheric Fallouts to Estimate Soil Erosion for the Same Time Scale

Combination of 137Cs and 210Pb Radioactive Atmospheric Fallouts to Estimate Soil Erosion for the Same Time Scale

Forest Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Tessala Mount in North-West Algeria-Preliminary Estimates

Tillage Versus No-Tillage. Soil Properties and Hydrology in an Organic Persimmon Farm in Eastern Iberian Peninsula

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