Assessment of Soil Chemical Properties for Monitoring and Maintenance of Soil Fertility in Probolinggo, Indonesia

Abstract

Soil is paramount to sustaining living in biomass production, water quality control, climatic mitigation, and biodiversity endurance. Closely associated with sustainable agriculture, it degrades soil in the long run, robbing the soil of its production capacity and food-generating ability. In Probolinggo, a regency in Indonesia, intensifying the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides yet a declining trend in yield production was discovered. This research analyzed the acid, nitrogen, organic carbon, and nutrients focusing on phosphor, potassium, iron, and manganese contents. Organic carbon/nitrogen ratio, soil organic compound rate, and cation exchange capacity were also discussed in order to illustrate the correlations among chemical substances and their roles in soil and plant maintenance. While such a study has yet to be performed in Probolinggo, the results should show the degree of land deterioration and future attempts at damage control and correction open to facilitate. Employing a simple random method, soil and plant samples were collected from 18 villages in six districts and their chemical contents were compared to the standard set in Government Regulations No 150/2000. The results showed low N-total, P-Bray, P-Olsen, K, C-Organic, and C/N ratio availabilities at 0.18, 13.88, 14.41, 0.37, 1.36, and 7.38 respectively, contrasted to high rates on pH (5.94), Fe (153.46 mg kg–1) and Mn (37.96 mg kg–1). Biomass production is conclusively imperative to fix the land composition and meet the plant nutrient requirements through an organic approach; fertilizers from digester biogas are therefore recommended. This action requires field agricultural advisors to raise awareness of sustainable agriculture.

The Characteristic of Teak Growing in Three Areas (Mine, Non-Mining, and Ex-Mining) Forest Management Unit Parengan Bojonegoro, Indonesia

“…Table 1 shows that based on the Indonesian Soil Research Center, Bogor, the soil in the research area is categorized as low fertility and very low in nutrients N, P, K, and C organic [17,18]. However, C-organic in non-mining is classified as high.…”

Growth and Yield Responses of Zea mays to Different Granule Biofertilizer Applications

“…This research was carried out on land with low fertility [35,7], as shown in Chapter 2. In future research, the application of PGPR should be combined with organic fertilizer.…”

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“…PGPR requires standard soil organic content to be efficient and effective (Adinurani et al, 2021;Ekawati, 2019;Goenadi et al 2021;Medina and Azcón, 2012;Muhammad et al 2021). It takes real action and collaboration between various stakeholders so that all organic waste -agricultural waste, livestock waste, kitchen waste, leftover food, and human excrement from pit latrines and septic tanks (Abdullah et al 2020, Anukam andNyamukamba, 2022;Manzoor et al, 2020;Prasetyo et al, 2022aand b, Setyobudi et al 2021, Somorin, 2020Susanto et al, 2020) can return to agricultural lands to maintain and increase soil fertility.…”

“…In general, dry land in Indonesia is degraded due to erosion. Land degradation causes dryland organic matter to be at the lowest level (Goenadi et al, 2021;Prasetyo et al, 2022a;Purbajanti et al, 2016;Vincevica-Gaile et al, 2021). Rhizosphere bacteria are soil microorganisms that can establish a relationship with the physical and chemical conditions of the soil (Ekawati, 2019;Sukmawati et al 2021;Xiong et al 2021).…”