Assessment of social perception on the contribution of hard-infrastructure for tsunami mitigation to coastal community resilience after the 2010 tsunami: Greater Concepcion area, Chile

Khew, Yu Ting Joanne; Jarzebski, Marcin Pawel; Fatma, Dyah; Carlos, Ricardo San; Gu, Jianping; Esteban, Miguel; Aránguiz, Rafael; Akiyama, Tomohiro

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.013

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, the restoration results show that new elements introduced during the reconstruction process such as the coastal infrastructure for mitigation and anti-tsunami housing are also characteristic of neighborhoods that provide restorative experiences (Khew et al, 2015). It is possible that these elements, although they are built features, give a certain sense of security to respondents, which could explain these results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…11e). Not all former inhabitants returned to their neighborhood to occupy these homes as most were elderly and could not climb stairs to enter the stilt houses (Khew et al, 2015). Despite being owners, they opted for relocation to higher sectors of Dichato, forming a new neighborhood.…”

Section: Pre-and Post-disaster Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11f). The ground floors of these stilt houses have been transformed by the inhabitants in order to increase living area (Khew et al, 2015). Table 5.…”

Section: Pre-and Post-disaster Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors and perceived restoration in a town destroyed by the 2010 Chile tsunami

Martı́nez

Rojas²,

Villagra

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. A large earthquake and tsunami took place in February 2010, affecting a significant part of the Chilean coast (Maule earthquake, M w of 8.8). Dichato (37 • S), a small town located on Coliumo Bay, was one of the most devastated coastal areas and is currently under reconstruction. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the risk factors that explain the disaster in 2010, as well as perceived restoration 6 years after the event. Numerical modeling of the 2010 Chile tsunami with four nested grids was applied to estimate the hazard. Physical, socioeconomic and educational dimensions of vulnerability were analyzed for pre-and post-disaster conditions. A perceived restoration study was performed to assess the effects of reconstruction on the community. It was focused on exploring the capacity of newly reconstructed neighborhoods to provide restorative experiences in case of disaster. The study was undertaken using the perceived restorativeness scale.The vulnerability variables that best explained the extent of the disaster were housing conditions, low household incomes and limited knowledge about tsunami events, which conditioned inadequate reactions to the emergency. These variables still constitute the same risks as a result of the reconstruction process, establishing that the occurrence of a similar event would result in a similar degree of devastation. For post-earthquake conditions, it was determined that all neighborhoods have the potential to be restorative environments soon after a tsunami. However, some neighborhoods are still located in areas devastated by the 2010 tsunami and again present high vulnerability to future tsunamis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Pre-and Post-disaster Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors and perceived restoration in a town destroyed by the 2010 Chile tsunami

Martı́nez

Rojas²,

Villagra

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Thus, Coquimbo seems to be an interesting case study since the coastal road, wetland and railway partly fulfill the structural requirements of a multilayer tsunami countermeasure, and it would be necessary to implement more comprehensive nonstructural countermeasures in the future. In a local context, Khew et al (2015) found that the tsunami countermeasures implemented in the Greater Concepción area after the 2010 Chile tsunami, such as hard infrastructure, contributed positively to the recovery of economic and social resilience, although it was found that new elevated housing decreased social resilience. Moreover, it is recommended that governmental and business structures be effectively decentralized such that local conditions are successfully incorporated into the design of hard infrastructure for tsunami mitigation (Khew et al, 2015).…”

Section: Damage To Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Aránguiz

Urra

Okuwaki

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The last earthquake that affected the city of Coquimbo took place in September 2015 and had a magnitude of M w = 8.3, resulting in localized damage in low-lying areas of the city. In addition, another seismic gap north of the 2015 earthquake rupture area has been identified; therefore, a significant earthquake (M w = 8.2 to 8.5) and tsunami could occur in the near future. The present paper develops a tsunami fragility curve for the city of Coquimbo based on field survey data and tsunami numerical simulations. The inundation depth of the 2015 Chile tsunami in Coquimbo was estimated by means of numerical simulation with the Non-hydrostatic Evolution of Ocean WAVEs (NEOWAVE) model and five nested grids with a maximum grid resolution of 10 m. The fragility curve exhibited behavior similar to that of other curves in flat areas in Japan, where little damage was observed at relatively high inundation depths. In addition, it was observed that Coquimbo experienced less damage than Dichato (Chile); in fact, at an inundation depth of 2 m, Dichato had a ∼ 75 % probability of damage, while Coquimbo proved to have only a 20 % probability. The new fragility curve was used to estimate the damage by possible future tsunamis in the area. The damage assessment showed that ∼ 50 % of the structures in the low-lying area of Coquimbo have a high probability of damage in the case of a tsunami generated off the coast of the study area if the city is rebuilt with the same types of structures.

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“…The authors point to a need for an analytical framework for comparing resilience policies that includes cobenefits for the community at large. Khew et al (2015) consider tsunami resilience in several towns in Chile and the co-benefits of two distinct actions: building a beach promenade and elevating homes. The authors find that beach promenades provide more co-benefits than elevating homes, though this may be a result of inadequate planning and design.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the resilience dividend: accounting for co-benefits of resilience planning

Fung¹,

Helgeson²

2017

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This report presents the concept of the resilience dividend as a useful metric for community resilience planning. The report suggests defining the resilience dividend as the net co-benefit (or co-cost) of investing in enhanced resilience, in the absence of a disruptive incident. In order for this definition to be useful, the report reviews literature on co-benefits. The main lessons from this review are that: (1) there is no consensus on the use of the meaning of cobenefit; (2) much of the literature on co-benefits is focused on climate change; and (3) there exist opportunities for the development of co-benefit measurement and assessment methodologies in the context of resilience planning. This report provides guidance and direction on the study and use of the resilience dividend by categorizing the various definitions of co-benefits to provide a frame of reference, reviewing measurement and assessment efforts, and summarizing the review in an annotated bibliography that can serve as a "quick guide" for researchers and practitioners looking for existing work on co-benefits. The report also highlights potential directions for future research.

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Assessment of social perception on the contribution of hard-infrastructure for tsunami mitigation to coastal community resilience after the 2010 tsunami: Greater Concepcion area, Chile

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

Risk factors and perceived restoration in a town destroyed by the 2010 Chile tsunami

Risk factors and perceived restoration in a town destroyed by the 2010 Chile tsunami

Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Defining the resilience dividend: accounting for co-benefits of resilience planning

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