Assessment of shikonin and acetyl-shikonin for mitigating quorum sensing potential of C. violaceum

Fazal, Aliya; Yang, Minkai; Wang, Mingyue; Ali, Farman; Wen, Zhongling; Yin, Tongming; Zhao, Xiangxiang; Hua, Xiao-Mei; Han, Hongwei; Lin, Hongyan; Wang, Xiaoming; Lü, Guihua; Qi, Jinliang; Yang, Yonghua

doi:10.1007/s10725-021-00712-w

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, acetyl-shikonins are effective only in inhibiting biofilm formation. This demonstrates the diverse functions of shikonin and acetyl-shikonins in their interactions with bacteria [ 42 ]. Quorum sensing is a communication process in bacteria that involves the secretion of autoinducer molecules, thereby facilitating the regulation of biofilm formation through the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides and intercellular polysaccharide adhesins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory and preventive effects of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. root extract on Streptococcus mutans and dental caries in rats

Wu,

Song,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BDJ Open

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Background Dental caries is one of the prevalent conditions that threaten oral health. Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. root (AR) extracts exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antibacterial properties. This study was designed to investigate the antibacterial impact of AR extract on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) UA159 and the anti-caries effect on rats. Methods The antibacterial activity of AR extract against S. mutans and its biofilm was determined using the bacterial sensitivity test, the biofilm sensitivity test, and the live-dead staining technique. By fluorescently tagging bacteria, the influence of bacterial adhesion rate was determined. Using a rat caries model, the anti-caries efficacy and safety of AR extract were exhaustively investigated in vivo. Results AR extract inhibit not only the growth of S. mutans, but also the generation of S. mutans biofilm, hence destroying and eliminating the biofilm. Moreover, AR extract were able to inhibit S. mutans’ adherence to saliva-encapsulated hydroxyapatite (HAP). Further, in a rat model of caries, the AR extract is able to greatly reduce the incidence and severity of caries lesions on the smooth surface and pit and fissure of rat molars, while exhibiting excellent biosafety. Conclusions AR extract exhibit strong antibacterial activity against S. mutans and can lower the incidence and severity of dental cavities in rats. These findings suggest that Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. could be utilized for the prevention and treatment of dental caries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory and preventive effects of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. root extract on Streptococcus mutans and dental caries in rats

Wu,

Song,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BDJ Open

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“…4 Violacein production involves the expression of the vio operon consisting of five enzyme coding genes, namely, vioA, vioB, vioC, vioD, and vioE, transcribed in one direction. 5,6 A 7.3 kb long DNA fragment codes these enzymes. 5 Extensive reports have demonstrated that the generation of violacein in C. violaceum is a process that depends on quorum sensing (QS).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromobacterium violaceum is a soil and freshwater Gram-negative bacillus found in tropical and subtropical regions. , On rare occasions, this microorganism can be an opportunistic pathogen in animals and humans, causing liver and lung abscesses and fatal septicemia due to an initial skin lesion. , One peculiarity of C. violaceum is its ability to produce violacein, a violet nondiffusible antimicrobial pigment . Violacein production involves the expression of the vio operon consisting of five enzyme coding genes, namely, vioA , vioB , vioC , vioD , and vioE , transcribed in one direction. , A 7.3 kb long DNA fragment codes these enzymes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of the Novel N-(2-Hexadecynoyl)-l-Homoserine Lactone and Evaluation of Its Antiquorum Sensing Activity in Chromobacterium violaceum

Sanabria-Ríos,

García-Del-Valle,

Bosh-Fonseca

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Chromobacterium violaceum is commonly found in soil and freshwater within tropical and subtropical regions.Although not a common occurrence, this bacterium has the potential to cause severe diseases in humans and animals, such as liver and lung abscesses and septicemia. Herein we report the synthesis of novel N-acyl homoserine lactones (HSLs) to evaluate their effectiveness as antiquorum sensing (anti-QS) agents in C. violaceum. The HSLs were prepared through three synthetic approaches, where hexanoic acid, decanoic acid, 6-decynoic acid, or 2-hexadecynoic acid (2-HDA) was treated with commercially available L-homoserine lactone (HSL) hydrobromide in either dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran in the presence of EDC and DMAP. The effectiveness of HSLs as anti-QS agents was assessed through susceptibility tests and violacein quantification. The most effective anti-QS inhibitor among all N-acyl-HSLs tested was the N-(2-hexadecynoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (HSL 4). Further experimental approaches, such as quantification of acyl-homoserine lactones and biofilm inhibitory tests, were carried out to determine the effect of HSL 4 on these QS-dependent mechanisms. These experiments showed that HSL 4 was highly effective at inhibiting the production of HSLs and biofilm in C. violaceum at 0.25, 0.50, and 1 mg/mL. In addition, the cytotoxicity activity was evaluated against Vero cells to determine the selectivity of HSL 4 as a nontraditional antibacterial agent. HSL 4 was not toxic against Vero cells at concentrations ranging from 0.0039 to 1 mg/mL. Molecular docking experiments were conducted to study the interactions between novel HSLs and CviR (PDB ID 3QP5), a receptor that plays a significant role in C. violaceum QS. In silico studies indicate that HSL 4 exhibits better interactions with Leu 72 and Gln 95 of the CviR binding pocket when compared to the other analogs. These results validate previous in vitro studies, such as susceptibility tests and violacein production assays. The findings above indicate that novel acetylenic HSLs may potentially be agents that combat bacterial communication and biofilm formation. However, further investigation is necessary to expand the spectrum of bacterial strains capable of resisting antibiotics through QS and evaluate the compounds' cytotoxicity in other cell lines.

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Assessment of shikonin and acetyl-shikonin for mitigating quorum sensing potential of C. violaceum

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

Inhibitory and preventive effects of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. root extract on Streptococcus mutans and dental caries in rats

Inhibitory and preventive effects of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. root extract on Streptococcus mutans and dental caries in rats

Synthesis of the Novel N-(2-Hexadecynoyl)-l-Homoserine Lactone and Evaluation of Its Antiquorum Sensing Activity in Chromobacterium violaceum

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