Assessment of sex in a modern Turkish population using cranial anthropometric parameters

Ekizoğlu, Oğuzhan; Hocaoğlu, Elif; İnci, Ercan; Can, İsmail Özgür; Solmaz, Dilek; Aksoy, Sema; Buran, Ferat; Sayın, İbrahim

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.06.001

Cited by 61 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The bizygomatic breadth was chosen as the most discriminatory single variable with an accuracy rate of 78.2%. This finding was comparable with the literature, in which bizygomatic breadth and basion-prosthion length were found to have classification accuracy of 87.5% for females and 87.0% for males [10], and that bizygomatic breadth showed an accuracy rate of 82% as the most discriminatory single parameter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

et al. 2017

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Sex determination is one of the main steps in the identification of human skeletal remains. It constitutes an initial step in personal identification from the skeletal remains. The aim of the present study was to provide the population-specific sex discriminating osteometric standards to aid human identification. The present study was conducted on 87 (174 sides) slices of crania using postmortem computed tomography in 45 males and 42 females, aged between 18 and 75 years. About 22 parameters of crania were measured using Osirix software 3-D Volume Rendering. Results showed that all parameters were significantly higher in males than in females except for orbital height of the left eye by independent t test (P<0.01). By discriminant analysis, the classification accuracy was 85.1%, and by regression, the classification accuracy ranged from 78.2% to 86.2%. In conclusion, cranium can be used to distinguish between males and females in the Malaysian population. The results of the present study can be used as a forensic tool for identification of unknown crania.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

et al. 2017

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“…This creates ideal conditions in which to apply quantitative approaches for ancestry estimation. Sex estimation standards for the Cretan and the Turkish populations have been the subject of other published studies [38,41]. Thus, they are not the focus of this work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample consists of 160 dry crania of Greek origin from the Cretan collection [38,39], 137 dry crania of Greek-Cypriot origin from a cemetery population from Limassol, Cyprus [40] and 380 CT scans of individuals from Turkish origin taken from hospital archives for a study on sexual dimorphism [41]. Demographic information of the sample can be found in Table 1.…”

Section: Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestry estimation of three Mediterranean populations based on cranial metrics

Kranioti

García-Donas

Can

et al. 2018

Forensic Science International

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The estimation of ancestry is an essential benchmark for positive identification of heavily decomposed bodies that are recovered in a variety of death and crime scenes. This is especially true when reconstructing the biological profile of the deceased as most methods for sex, age and stature estimation are population-specific. Ancestry estimation methods vary from traditional morphological assessment of cranial features and biometric quantification to computer-aided shape analysis and classification with specialised software. The current paper aims to explore population differences between three neighbouring countries (Greece, Cyprus and Turkey) that have been in constant interaction through conflicts and population movements from the ancient past to the present day, through cranial measurements. The sample consists of 160 dry crania of Greek origin, 137 dry crania of Greek-Cypriot of origin Cyprus and 380 CT scans from Turks individuals. Twelve measurements were taken in both dry and virtual skulls. Data were submitted to principal component analysis and discriminant function analysis. Intra- and inter-observer error as well as the measurement error between virtual and physical measurements were quantified using TEM, rTEM and R. Measurement error was very low in all cases. Classification accuracy for cross-validated data ranged from 74.1 to 97.9%. The highest accuracy was obtained for the Turks sample both in males and females. The results are in accordance with genetic data on the three populations. These results create great confidence in the application of the produced functions in forensic cases requiring ancestry estimation in Cyprus, specifically to unidentified individuals from the 1974 conflict. In addition, these standards can be applied in other forensic situations where ethnicity is an issue but the geographic area of origin is limited to the area encompassing Turkey, Cyprus and Greece.

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“…A number of sex estimation studies from the mandible [29], cranium [30], sternum [31], maxillar sinus [32], and femur [33] of the contemporary Turkish population have been published recently. There is one cadaveric study published on the tibia by Kirici and Ozan [ref] which is based on a very small sample (N=55) which makes the results questionable for forensic application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex estimation of the tibia in modern Turkish: A computed tomography study

Ekizoğlu¹,

Er²,

Bozdağ³

et al. 2016

Legal Medicine

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The utilization of computed tomography is beneficial for the analysis of skeletal remains and it has important advantages for anthropometric studies. The present study investigated morphometry of left tibia using CT images of a contemporary Turkish population. Seven parameters were measured on 203 individuals (124 males and 79 females) within the 19-92-years age group. The first objective of this study was to provide population-specific sex estimation equations for the contemporary Turkish population based on CT images. A second objective was to test the sex estimation formulae on Southern Europeans by Kranioti and Apostol (2015). Univariate discriminant functions resulted in classification accuracy that ranged from 66 to 86%. The best single variable was found to be upper epiphyseal breadth (86%) followed by lower epiphyseal breadth (85%). Multivariate discriminant functions resulted in classification accuracy for cross-validated data ranged from 79 to 86%. Applying the multivariate sex estimation formulae on Southern Europeans (SE) by Kranioti and Apostol in our sample resulted in very high classification accuracy ranging from 81 to 88%. In addition, 35.5-47% of the total Turkish sample is correctly classified with over 95% posterior probability, which is actually higher than the one reported for the original sample (25-43%). We conclude that the tibia is a very useful bone for sex estimation in the contemporary Turkish population. Moreover, our test results support the hypothesis that the SE formulae are sufficient for the contemporary Turkish population and they can be used safely for criminal investigations when posterior probabilities are over 95%.

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Assessment of sex in a modern Turkish population using cranial anthropometric parameters

Cited by 61 publications

References 28 publications

Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

Ancestry estimation of three Mediterranean populations based on cranial metrics

Sex estimation of the tibia in modern Turkish: A computed tomography study

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