Assessment of service adequacy of primary health care physicians in a two county region of Ohio, USA

Dutt, Ashok Κ.; Dutta, Hiran M.; Jaiswal, Jessica; Monroe, Charles B.

doi:10.1007/bf00262368

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The "system" might be a city or county. To the author's knowledge this measure has only been used once for a health services study [51]. It has two shortcomings.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2004

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Primary care is recognized as the most important form of healthcare for maintaining population health because it is relatively inexpensive, can be more easily delivered than specialty and inpatient care, and if properly distributed it is most effective in preventing disease progression on a large scale. Recent advances in the field of health geography have greatly improved our understanding of the role played by geographic distribution of health services in population health maintenance. However, most of this knowledge has accrued for hospital and specialty services and services in rural areas. Much less is known about the effect of distance to and supply of primary care on primary care utilization, particularly in the U.S.For several reasons the shortage of information is particularly acute for urban areas, where the majority of people live. First, explicit definitions and conceptualizations of healthcare access have not been widely used to guide research. An additional barrier to progress has been an overwhelming concern about affordability of care, which has garnered the majority of attention and research resources. Also, the most popular measures of spatial accessibility to care – travel impedance to nearest provider and supply level within bordered areas – lose validity in congested urban areas. Better measures are needed. Fortunately, some advances are occurring on the methodological front. These can improve our knowledge of all types of healthcare geography in all settings, including primary care in urban areas.This paper explains basic concepts and measurements of access, provides some historical background, outlines the major questions concerning geographic accessibility of primary care, describes recent developments in GIS and spatial analysis, and presents examples of promising work.

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“…The "system" might be a city or county. To the author's knowledge this measure has only been used once for a health services study [51]. It has two shortcomings.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2004

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“…(Brabyn and Skelly 2002;Lovett et al 2002) Average distance to provider (or travel cost) It is a combined measure of accessibility and availability and is measured from any patient or population point of interest Spatial accessibility of cancer clinics in Hamilton Ontario (Dutt et al 1986) Gravity models These models attempt to indicate the potential interaction between any population point and all service points within a reasonable distance…”

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confidence: 99%

Using Geographically Weighted Regression to Validate Approaches for Modelling Accessibility to Primary Health Care

Bagheri

Holt

Benwell

2009

Appl. Spatial Analysis

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This research explores local variation in accessibility to primary health care and relationships between travel time and New Zealand deprivation index in the rural Otago. The global relationship between travel time and NZDep2001 index was significantly negative with a t value of −6.11. Suggesting that in general, areas with high travel time to PHC services have lower NZ Deprivation scores than areas with low travel time. Furthermore, there was a great deal of spatial variation in travel time and deprivation index which is not explained by the global regression framework. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis was undertaken using an adaptively defined kernel with a bi-square function. The kernel bandwidth was determined by minimisation of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value. The GWR outputs showed that some areas with high travel time were also areas of high NZ deprivation score. Therefore, the GWR results highlighted 'hot spot' areas in terms of poor accessibility to PHC facilities in rural Otago, New Zealand.

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“…This measure is not usually used in health service study. Border crossing is also a major challenge for this spatial accessibility measure since clients may be crossing geographical areas for health care services [31].…”

Section: Methods and Indicators For Measuring Spatial Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Access to Primary Health Care Services in Rural Communities using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Atwima Mponua District of Ghana

Kofi¹,

Ussiph²

2017

IJCA

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Equitable and easy access to health care facilities is often considered one of the main objectives of many health care systems. Inequality in the spatial distribution of health facilities as well as lack of proper health care infrastructure planning standards has led to disparity in spatial accessibility to healthcare by communities in Atwima Mponua district.In this study, location data (coordinates) for all the 180 communities together with the coordinates of the existing health facilities in the study area were collected using a Geographic Information System device (GPS). The road network and other "river bodies" geographical data were traced and copied from Open Street Map online. Using an 8km radius, the data were then analyzed using ArcGIS network analysis model as per the research objectives. Output from the ArcGIS analyzed data were then described and quantified with the help of stata and population data collected.The study revealed that 61 out of the 180 communities had no health care facility available within 8km radius. A large proportion of the residents have to travel a long way to access health care facilities given the criteria that health facility should be accessible to population within 8km distance from the facility. On the average, patient in the district travel a minimum of 6.62km and a maximum of 21.20km with a standard deviation of 4.33km to access health care. More so, the study showed that 26.39% of the district population were residing beyond the 8km service area criteria.In reality, absolute equal spatial accessibility is not always achievable but it is possible to plan and build an optimized health system. This study has been able to optimize accessibility to healthcare services in the study area based on the WHO standard of 8km distance (to healthcare site by people) with the application of GIS technology. This can therefore help to improve equity as well as spatial accessibility to healthcare by the people of Atwima Mponua.

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Assessment of service adequacy of primary health care physicians in a two county region of Ohio, USA

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Using Geographically Weighted Regression to Validate Approaches for Modelling Accessibility to Primary Health Care

Optimizing Access to Primary Health Care Services in Rural Communities using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Atwima Mponua District of Ghana

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