Assessment of Rockfall Hazard and Stabilization of Rock Slope Surface at the World Heritage Ajanta Cave

Bagde, M.N.

doi:10.1007/s10706-021-01680-8

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Damage to karst can pose a potential hazard, especially to visitors who are on site. Potential hazards can occur, for example rockfall [55,56] and sinkhole [57]. Rockfall can occur due to steep slopes, dislocation of boulders on the slopes, and weathering of rocks [55,56].…”

Section: Sources Of Potential Physical Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential hazards can occur, for example rockfall [55,56] and sinkhole [57]. Rockfall can occur due to steep slopes, dislocation of boulders on the slopes, and weathering of rocks [55,56]. Rockfall that occurs may damage important and historic objects.…”

Section: Sources Of Potential Physical Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Tewet cave and Bloyot cave are located on cliffs, and thus there is a possibility of a rockfall (though categorized as rare). Rockfall occurrences can threaten the lives and safety of visitors during visiting and surveying of the place, as it is one of the most common and dangerous types of slope instability due to its high speed and destructive power [55]. Rockfalls occur when rock masses detach from a cliff (Figure 11) and fall freely as a result of gravity [59].…”

Section: Rockfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geotourism Hazards and Carrying Capacity in Geosites of Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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The protection of resources and the safety of visitors are two essential elements in the sustainability of any tourism destination. The Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat karst has the potential to be developed as a UNESCO Global Geopark based on the diversity and unique nature of its geological heritage. Proper management efforts should be carefully planned to ensure sustainability of the geosite. Intact natural conditions can be a potential hazard to visitors and, conversely, the presence of visitors can interfere with the natural preservation of the sensitive karst area. Physical, biological, and human activities that may endanger visitors should be identified and limiting the number of visitors received by each geosite should also be considered. This paper aims to identify the potential tourism hazards of physical, biological, and human activities and to calculate the tourist’s carrying capacity of three geosites (Tewet cave, Nyadeng lake, and Bloyot cave) in the Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat karst. The identification of potential hazards was conducted in each geosite and analyzed and assessed using management options referencing UNEP, NPSA, and APEC, whereas the carrying capacity was assessed with reference to the Cifuentes formulation. Meanwhile, the carrying capacity was assessed at three levels, namely physical carrying capacity (PCC), real carrying capacity (RCC), and effective carrying capacity (ECC). The highest physical and biological hazards were the ravines in the Tewet cave, as well as a moderate level of risk, such as slippery, steep terrain and the presence of crocodiles. Meanwhile, the potential hazards faced by Nyadeng lake and Bloyot cave were classified as low risk. The carrying capacity assessments indicated that Bloyot cave is able to accommodate the largest number of visitors on a daily basis. Therefore, the carrying capacity results of each geosite can serve as a reference for managers to limit the number of visitors to the site in order to ensure the sustainability of Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat geosites.

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Section: Sources Of Potential Physical Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Potential Physical Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rockfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geotourism Hazards and Carrying Capacity in Geosites of Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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“…For examples, the rockfall of Saptashrungi Gad Temple in India was reinforced by re-sloping, scaling and trimming of loose rock blocks, draping mesh, and anchoring rock bolts [12]. The stabilization of Ajanta Cave above Cave 1 to 5 was undertaken by a concrete retaining wall [13]. The seepage problem of Sokkuram Grotto in South Korea was solved after 3 times of protection and reinforcement which include the pouring of the concrete dome from 1914 to 1916, the waterproofing of the concrete dome in 1917, and the construction of double domes and wooden cave eaves in 1961 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The history of rescuing reinforcement and the preliminary study of preventive protection system for the cliff of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, China

Wang

Guo

et al. 2021

Herit Sci

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Based on the research results and practical engineering experience pertaining to the protection and reinforcement of the cliff of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, China, this paper presents a method that is mainly based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the preservation state and risk of the Mogao cliff, a means that numerical simulation was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the stability and effectiveness of protective measures for the Mogao cliff, a set of reinforcement methods which integrate the key protection techniques based on propping, anchoring, grouting, and anti-weathering and the quality control measures based on assessing their effectiveness for surrounding rocks of the grottoes, and a set of methods for monitoring and warning based on risk theory throughout the entire reinforcement process. The four above-mentioned techniques complement and support with each other, and every stage is based on research. Additionally, the protection and reinforcement concepts implemented at the Mogao cliff are summarized in this paper. Finally, preventive protection and reinforcement techniques for sandy conglomerate grottoes were established based on the research, evaluation, calculation, and monitoring. The techniques presented in this paper can be used as a theoretical foundation and provide technical guidance for the protection and reinforcement of similar cultural heritage sites all over the world.

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Rockfall danger and risk analysis around a granite inselberg in the Vila Velha city (southeastern Brazil)

Hartwig

Zuquette²

2022

Nat Hazards

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Assessment of Rockfall Hazard and Stabilization of Rock Slope Surface at the World Heritage Ajanta Cave

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Geotourism Hazards and Carrying Capacity in Geosites of Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst, Indonesia

Geotourism Hazards and Carrying Capacity in Geosites of Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst, Indonesia

The history of rescuing reinforcement and the preliminary study of preventive protection system for the cliff of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, China

Rockfall danger and risk analysis around a granite inselberg in the Vila Velha city (southeastern Brazil)

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