Assessment of roadside surface water quality of Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh using GIS and multivariate statistical techniques

Abstract

In this study, multivariate statistical techniques in collaboration with GIS are used to assess the roadside surface water quality of Savar region. Nineteen water samples were collected in dry season and 15 water quality parameters including TSS, TDS, pH, DO, BOD, Cl -, F -, NO 3 2-, NO 2 -, SO 4 2-, Ca, Mg, K, Zn and Pb were measured. The univariate overview of water quality parameters are TSS 25.154 ± 8.674 mg/l, TDS 840.400 ± 311.081 mg/l, pH 7.574 ± 0.256 pH unit, DO 4.544 ± 0.933 mg/l, BOD 0.758 ± 0.179 mg/l, Cl -51.494 ± 28.095 mg/l, F -0.771 ± 0.153 mg/l, NO 3 2-2.211 ± 0.878 mg/l, NO 2 -4.692 ± 5.971 mg/l, SO 4 2-69.545 ± 53.873 mg/l, Ca 48.458 ± 22.690 mg/l, Mg 19.676 ± 7.361 mg/l, K 12.874 ± 11.382 mg/l, Zn 0.027 ± 0.029 mg/l, Pb 0.096 ± 0.154 mg/l. The water quality data were subjected to R-mode PCA which resulted in five major components. PC1 explains 28% of total variance and indicates the roadside and brick field dust settle down (TDS, TSS) in the nearby water body. PC2 explains 22.123% of total variance and indicates the agricultural influence (K, Ca, and NO 2 -). PC3 describes the contribution of nonpoint pollution from agricultural and soil erosion processes (SO 4 2-, Cl -, and K). PC4 depicts heavy positively loaded by vehicle emission and diffusion from battery stores (Zn, Pb). PC5 depicts strong positive loading of BOD and strong negative loading of pH. Cluster analysis represents three major clusters for both water parameters and sampling sites. The site based on cluster showed similar grouping pattern of R-mode factor score map. The present work reveals a new scope to monitor the roadside water quality for future research in Bangladesh.

Assay for Evaluating the Abundance of <em>Vibrio Cholerae</em> and Its O1 Serogroup Subpopulation Directly from Water Without DNA Extraction

“…However, for testing water from more contaminated sources, as determined by multivariate analysis of environmental factors where the industrial waste disposal and high population density matters [81,82], further treatment of the sample to remove inhibitors may be required. A study on water quality assessment of the roadside surface of Savar, Dhaka explained the impact of vehicle emission, atmospheric deposition from brick field, industrial pollution and massive urbanization on the water reservoirs as total suspended solids (>25 mg/L), total dissolved solids (>840mg/L), biological oxygen demands (0.758 mg/L), dissolved oxygen (4.5 mg/L) were high or even higher than the standards [72].…”

“…As proof of concept, we analyzed water samples collected from the river basin of the Turag River in a region endemic for cholera, the Gabtoli area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Approximately 25,000 people live in this area, which is surrounded by brickfields with high traffic [72]. This site was chosen as previous studies indicated the presence of V. cholerae O1 and cholera infections are often detected in people living in the surrounding area [73].…”

Assay for Evaluating the Abundance of Vibrio cholerae and Its O1 Serogroup Subpopulation from Water without DNA Extraction

“…As proof of the concept, we analyzed water samples collected from the river basin of the Turag River in a region endemic for cholera, the Gabtoli area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Approximately 25,000 people live in this area, which is surrounded by brickfields with high traffic [ 76 ]. This site was chosen because previous studies indicated the presence of V. cholerae O1 and cholera infections in people living in the surrounding area [ 77 ].…”

“…However, for testing water from more contaminated sources, as determined by multivariate analysis of environmental factors where the industrial waste disposal and high population density matters [ 85 , 86 ], further treatment of the sample to remove inhibitors may be required. A study on water quality assessment of the roadside surface of Savar, Dhaka explained the impact of vehicle emission, atmospheric deposition from brick fields, industrial pollution and massive urbanization on the water reservoirs; total suspended solids (>25 mg/L), total dissolved solids (>840 mg/L), biological oxygen demands (0.758 mg/L) and dissolved oxygen (4.5 mg/L) were high or even higher than the standards [ 76 ]. Another potential limitation of our assay would be a discrepancy in genome copy numbers per cell between the standard and the samples.…”

Accumulation Characteristics and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in Different Land Use Types: Study on the Whole Region of Tianjin

“…The impact of human activities causes re-distribution of heavy metals in a specific space. The types of pollution sources can be preliminarily judged and screened via analyzing the distribution pattern of heavy metal pollution [ 12 ]. In the analysis of pollution sources, multivariate statistical analysis is mainly conducted through analyzing the data to find out its internal laws, and, then, finding the main pollution factors.…”