Assessment of Risk Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease -19 in Taif Province, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) is one of the pandemics registered for 2020, with the entire world affected. COVID 19 disease is diagnosed based on symptoms and risk factors, and both swab and RT-PCR tests are available to confirm the disease. The aim of this study was to the underlying health issues which might be connected to development of severe COVID19.A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary hospital (Corona center) in Saudi Arabia from August 2020 to December 2020 to identify the risk factors of mortality in ICU admitted COVID-19 patients and to assess the underlining sociodemographic and medical conditions that may lead to the development of severe COVID-19. Data was collected from patients' medical records. In this study, 174 subjects were recruited and 71.3% of the population is male and 28.7% as female. Survival was 52%, whereas non-survivors was 48%. The average age was 57.7±16.0 years old. The most common clinical manifestations were shortness of breath (75.9%), cough (67.8%), and fever (64.9%). T2DM was one of the highest co-morbidities was documented. Binary logistic regression analysis confirmed both the age and fever showed the positive association (p<0.05) and the serum parameters such as CRP, d dimer, neutrophils and lymphocytes showed the elevated levels and positive association (p<0.05). In conclusion, the current study results confirmed HTN, CKD, and heart disease comorbidities all played a substantial impact in the development of COVID-19, and that older age (>60 years) also played a role in COVID 19 patients. Saudi Arabia is one of the nations that has successfully managed the COVID 19.