Assessment of Risk Factors for Development of Overweight and Obesity among Soldiers of Polish Armed Forces Participating in the National Health Programme 2016–2020

Gaździńska, Agata; Jagielski, Paweł; Turczyńska, Marta; Dziuda, Łukasz; Gaździński, Stefan

doi:10.3390/ijerph19053069

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The elevated prevalence of overweight and obesity is a characteristic feature of many armed forces of developed countries [1,11,13,15,[27][28][29]. Similarly high results of body mass disorders were obtained by Gałązkowski et al [8] , where the prevalence of obesity was over 40% [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Assessment of nutritional status allows us to determine whether the physiological needs of the examined person are fulfilled in relation to their requirements for nutrients. Studies conducted over the years on the nutritional status of Polish Army soldiers show a frequent occurrence of overweight and obesity in this professional group [4,11,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

PJAMBP

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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between nutritional status and handgrip strength (HGS) of Polish military medical flying personnel. Methods:The study was conducted among all active members of the personnel (71 males, 13 females) in Poland. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric and body composition measurements.Results: Overweight was diagnosed in 47.6% and obesity in 11,9% members. Abdominal obesity was diagnosed in 38.6% of men and 23.1% of women. In women, the mean HGS of the right and the left hand, respectively, was 33.08 ± 3.57kg and 33.69 ± 2.95kg. For men, mean HGS of right and left hand were 55.79 ± 7.62kg and 54.63 ± 7.93kg, respectively. Furthermore, for men HGS was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.39), lower limb length (r = 0.33) and chest circumference measured on inspiration (r = 0.33), but not on expiration. There was no significant correlation between HGS, age, and BMI. Conclusions:Our study adds to the body of evidence demonstrating an alarmingly high proportion of soldiers with diagnosed obesity. Military medical flight personnel had higher 2 mean handgrip strength as compared to reference values in the male group and in the female group in the left hand. Handgrip strength appears to be related to skeletal muscle mass, similarly to other studies in the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

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“…Side effects of such WL conditions persist 1 month after, such as binge eating or WG overshooting, but seem to go back to baseline values after a long‐term recovery of 6 months 35 . However, due to this practice and to the side effects on mental health, soldiers appear to be predisposed to an increase in their BMI with a risk of overweight or obesity and a decline in lifespan in the longer term 137–140 . As illustrated by our systematic approach (despite the impossibility to perform a meta‐analysis), evidence remains scarce in this population despite the absolute necessity to better understand their BW and energy metabolism regulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…35 However, due to this practice and to the side effects on mental health, soldiers appear to be predisposed to an increase in their BMI with a risk of overweight or obesity and a decline in lifespan in the longer term. [137][138][139][140] As illustrated by our systematic approach (despite the impossibility to perform a meta-analysis), evidence remains scarce in this population despite the absolute necessity to better understand their BW and energy metabolism regulations. Further studies are then necessary during and after the soldiers' careers, considering the health consequences of their typical weight changes.…”

Section: Fm Overshooting Among Soldiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight regain, body composition, and metabolic responses to weight loss in weight cycling athletes: A systematic review and meta‐analyses

Bagot,

Pélissier,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Obesity Reviews

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Depending on the nature of their sports, athletes may be engaged in successive weight loss (WL) and regain, conducing to “weight cycling.” The aims of this paper were to systematically (and meta‐analytically when possible) analyze the post‐WL recovery of (i) body weight and (ii) fat mass; fat‐free mass; and performance and metabolic responses in weight cycling athletes (18–55 years old, body mass index < 30 kg.m−2). MEDLINE, Embase, and SPORTDiscus databases were explored. The quality and risk of bias of the 74 included studies were assessed using the quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Thirty‐two studies were eligible for meta‐analyses. Whatever the type of sports or methods used to lose weight, post‐WL body weight does not seem affected compared with pre‐WL. While similar results are observed for fat‐free mass, strength sports athletes (also having longer WL and regain periods) do not seem to fully recover their initial fat mass (ES: −0.39, 95% CI: [−0.77; −0.00], p = 0.048, I2 = 0.0%). Although the methods used by athletes to achieve WL might prevent them from a potential post‐WL fat overshooting, further studies are needed to better understand WL episodes consequences on athletes' performance as well as short‐ and long‐term physical, metabolic, and mental health.

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“…This obesity epidemic has reached the military population as well and is not limited to the civilian population. Most Western militaries report an obesity rate ranging from 10 to 20%, and annual obesity-related costs are reaching billions of dollars [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel are no exception and show a trend similar to that of the Canadian civilian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery Should Be Offered to Active-Duty Military Personnel: a Retrospective Study of the Canadian Armed Forces’ Experience

et al. 2023

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Purpose Like most Western armies, obesity affects Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity. However, this is not yet accepted for active-duty soldiers in most countries. The CAF have approved bariatric surgery since 2005. Our aim is to assess weight loss, resolution of obesity-related comorbidities, and impacts of bariatric surgery on military careers. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the perioperative data, long-term bariatric results, and military outcomes of 108 CAF active-duty military personnel who underwent bariatric surgery in Canada over a 61-month period. Results The cohort was predominantly male (66.7%) with a mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 43.6 ± 5.8 kg/m2. Roux-Y gastric bypass was performed in 59 patients, sleeve gastrectomy in 29, and gastric banding in 20. All the surgeries were performed laparoscopically. The total body weight loss at the last follow-up visit was 22.5 ± 11.0%. Remission or improvement of hypertension was observed in 91.2%, diabetes in 85.7%, gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) in 43.6%, sleep apnea in 43.1%, and dyslipidemia in 42.9%. One patient (0.9%) was medically released due to postoperative complications. Fifteen patients (13.9%) were deployed postoperatively. The combined deployable and possibly deployable statuses increased from 35.4% preoperatively to 47.9% postoperatively. Conclusion This is the largest series of bariatric surgeries performed in active-duty military personnel. Bariatric surgery is effective and safe and improves deployability without impairing military careers. These results are relevant to the military of many industrialized countries. Bariatric surgery should be considered for all active-duty military personnel who meet surgical criteria for the treatment of obesity. Graphical Abstract

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Assessment of Risk Factors for Development of Overweight and Obesity among Soldiers of Polish Armed Forces Participating in the National Health Programme 2016–2020

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

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Weight regain, body composition, and metabolic responses to weight loss in weight cycling athletes: A systematic review and meta‐analyses

Bariatric Surgery Should Be Offered to Active-Duty Military Personnel: a Retrospective Study of the Canadian Armed Forces’ Experience

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