Assessment of resistance to fatigue crack growth of natural gas line pipe steels carrying gas mixed with hydrogen

Dadfarnia, Mohsen; Sofronis, Petros; Brouwer, Jack; Sosa, Siari S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.216

Cited by 55 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It should be noted that, although the internal pressure of pipelines fluctuates, the fluctuation range is usually smaller in practice than the range of 2-8 MPa modeled in this work. Generally, the internal pressure of pipelines usually fluctuates around the operating pressure (Dadfarnia et al 2019). The influence of internal pressure on H atom diffusion should be considered due to its significant effect on mechanical stress on the pipe.…”

Section: Equivalent Plastic Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite element modeling of the hydrogen atom distribution on dented pipeline for hydrogen transport under cyclic loading

Zhao

Cheng

2023

Preprint

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Repurposing existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transport requires an accurate assessment of the distribution of hydrogen (H) atoms at surface defects such as dents under frequent pressure fluctuations encountered on gas pipelines. In this work, a 3-dimensional finite element-based model was developed to determine the stress/strain and H atom concentrations at an unconstrained dent on an X52 steel pipe experiencing denting, spring-back and cyclic loading processes. As expected, a stress/strain concentration generates at the dent center, while the cyclic loading reduces the stress level and shifts the stress concentration zone from the dent center along the circumferential direction. As the dent depth increases, the maximum H atom concentration is further shifted from the dent center to the side. A coincident relationship between the maximum H atom concentration, von Mises stress, hydrostatic stress and plastic strain does not exist. Pressure fluctuations decrease both the stress and H atom concentrations, providing a beneficial effect on reduced risk of the dented pipelines to hydrogen embrittlement in high-pressure hydrogen gas environments. Further analysis shows that the indenter size has little influence on the H distribution in the dent area.

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Section: Equivalent Plastic Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, pressure fluctuations of the pipelines accelerated the hydrogen-induced fatigue crack growth (Dadfarnia et al 2019). There has been extensive work performed to study the hydrogen diffusion at metallurgical defects or crack-tip (Cheng and Chen 2017;Del Busto et al 2017;Dmytrakh et al 2017;Fernández-Sousa et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modeling of the hydrogen atom distribution on dented pipeline for hydrogen transport under cyclic loading

Zhao

Cheng

2023

Preprint

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“…To what extent this enhancement in anodic activation effect is influential on major passivators such as Cr and Mo has yet to be determined. However, in a study of A hydrogen embrittlement study on a hydrogen blended natural gas pipeline by Dadfarnia et al [57] drew different conclusions. Their research investigated the fatigue crack growth in the inner diameter surface of steel pipes carrying hydrogen blended natural gas under actual pressure fluctuations.…”

Section: Materials Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Blending in Gas Pipeline Networks—A Review

et al. 2022

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Replacing fossil fuels with non-carbon fuels is an important step towards reaching the ultimate goal of carbon neutrality. Instead of moving directly from the current natural gas energy systems to pure hydrogen, an incremental blending of hydrogen with natural gas could provide a seamless transition and minimize disruptions in power and heating source distribution to the public. Academic institutions, industry, and governments globally, are supporting research, development and deployment of hydrogen blending projects such as HyDeploy, GRHYD, THyGA, HyBlend, and others which are all seeking to develop efficient pathways to meet the carbon reduction goal in coming decades. There is an understanding that successful commercialization of hydrogen blending requires both scientific advances and favorable techno-economic analysis. Ongoing studies are focused on understanding how the properties of methane-hydrogen mixtures such as density, viscosity, phase interactions, and energy densities impact large-scale transportation via pipeline networks and end-use applications such as in modified engines, oven burners, boilers, stoves, and fuel cells. The advantages of hydrogen as a non-carbon energy carrier need to be balanced with safety concerns of blended gas during transport, such as overpressure and leakage in pipelines. While studies on the short-term hydrogen embrittlement effect have shown essentially no degradation in the metal tensile strength of pipelines, the long-term hydrogen embrittlement effect on pipelines is still the focus of research in other studies. Furthermore, pressure reduction is one of the drawbacks that hydrogen blending brings to the cost dynamics of blended gas transport. Hence, techno-economic models are also being developed to understand the energy transportation efficiency and to estimate the true cost of delivery of hydrogen blended natural gas as we move to decarbonize our energy systems. This review captures key large-scale efforts around the world that are designed to increase the confidence for a global transition to methane-hydrogen gas blends as a precursor to the adoption of a hydrogen economy by 2050.

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“…Blending of hydrogen into natural gas transmission pipelines can pose problems with regard to hydrogen embrittlement, ignition safety, and leakage [10,11]. Hydrogen embrittlement is a hydrogen-induced degradation of the mechanical properties of metals and alloys resulting in reduced resistance to component fracture and acceleration of fatigue crack growth (Dadfarnia et al, 2019). Transmission pipelines made of low strength steel with a hydrogen to methane blend up to 20% by volume are likely to operate safely under the given high transmission pressures (Soraghan, 2021).…”

Section: End-use Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges toward achieving a successful hydrogen economy in the US: Potential end-use and infrastructure analysis to the year 2100

Bridgeland

Chapman

McLellan

et al. 2022

Cleaner Production Letters

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Assessment of resistance to fatigue crack growth of natural gas line pipe steels carrying gas mixed with hydrogen

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Finite element modeling of the hydrogen atom distribution on dented pipeline for hydrogen transport under cyclic loading

Finite element modeling of the hydrogen atom distribution on dented pipeline for hydrogen transport under cyclic loading

Hydrogen Blending in Gas Pipeline Networks—A Review

Challenges toward achieving a successful hydrogen economy in the US: Potential end-use and infrastructure analysis to the year 2100

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