Assessment of Remineralization Capacity of Various Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Enamel Lesions Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope: An In Vitro Study

(1) Background: Erosive lesions of dental enamel are steadily increasing owing to both the availability of exogenous acid and the production of endogenous acid. The aim of this study was to investigate the erosion-inhibiting potential of a diode laser irradiation and topical application of fluoride used alone or in combination on the enamel surface of extracted teeth before exposure to an acidic solution. (2) Methods: The four axial enamel surfaces of 40 healthy molars were used for four study groups: (A) no treatment; (B) application of fluoride gel for 120 s; (O) a diode laser application for 120 s; and (X) a combined laser/fluoride for 120 s. Each enamel surface was examined by SEM (scanning electron microscopy). (3) Results: At 700× magnification, it was possible to detect the enamel prisms of the test area of groups A, B, and O, while no structures such as enamel prisms were highlighted for group X because they were covered by an amorphous layer. The mean number of prisms ×1000 µm2 was 7.2 units with an SD of 0.72 for group A, 8 units with an SD of 0.96 for group B, and 4.8 units with a SD of 0.4 for group O. Student’s t-test showed no significant difference between group A and B with a p = 0.054. Group O showed a significant reduction of prims ×1000 µm2 compared with group A (p = 0.0027) and group B (p = 0.0009). Student’s t-test showed no significant difference between groups A and B with a p = 0.054. Group O showed a significant reduction of prims density with respect to group A (p = 0.0027) and group B (p = 0.0009). (4) Conclusions: This amorphous layer might be correlated with the effect of laser on enamel, which reduces both water and carbonate ion; increases the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite, and improves the mechanical properties of enamel; which is responsible for greater protection expressed by the enamel of group X against acid attacks.

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Comparative evaluation of efficacy of bioactive glass, tricalcium phosphate, and ozone remineralizing agents on artificial carious lesion

Jena

Manas

Venkateswararao

et al. 2022

J Pharm Bioall Sci

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Objectives: Evaluation of efficacy of bioactive glass (BAG), tricalcium phosphate, and ozone remineralizing agents on artificial carious lesion. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted 48 human premolar teeth were included for this in vitro study. Remineralization of demineralized teeth was done with respective remineralizing agents (Group A – calcium sodium phosphosilicate [BAG], Group B – tricalcium phosphate [Clinpro Tooth Crème], Group C – ozone remineralizing agents, and control group: Group D – deionized water) three times a day for 12 days for 4 min. The degree of demineralization and remineralization was evaluated with Vickers hardness number. Results: There was a decrease in microhardness from baseline to demineralization in all the groups. The difference in microhardness values from demineralization to remineralization in all the three test groups was found to be statistically highly significant. Conclusion: BAG and Tricalcium phosphate had higher remineralizing capacity, which can be used clinically to treat early carious lesions.

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Assessment of Remineralization Capacity of Various Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Enamel Lesions Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope: An In Vitro Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Remineralizing potential of Calcium Sucrose Phosphate in white spot lesions: A Systematic Review

Remineralizing potential of Calcium Sucrose Phosphate in white spot lesions: A Systematic Review

Enamel Erosion Reduction through Coupled Sodium Fluoride and Laser Treatments before Exposition in an Acid Environment: An In Vitro Randomized Control SEM Morphometric Analysis

Comparative evaluation of efficacy of bioactive glass, tricalcium phosphate, and ozone remineralizing agents on artificial carious lesion

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