Assessment of Release Rates for Radionuclides in Activated Concrete.

Life Estimation of Transfer Lines for Tank Farm Closure Performance Assessment

“…Corrosion may also occur due to oxygen concentration cells, typically found in backfilled soils due to the presence of rocks and other foreign materials. [5] The acidity or alkalinity of the soil also factors into the corrosion response of a material in soil. Steel in an acidic environment (pH < 4) tends to corrode rapidly in a general or uniform mode.…”

F-Area Type IV Tank Liner Life Estimation

“…Oxygen concentration cells can form at random in backfilled soils due to the presence of rocks and other foreign materials. Poorly aerated soils are known to be corrosive to carbon steel and favor pit growth [5].…”

“…The large pits represent pits that will eventually penetrate the container. The number of penetrating pits on carbon steel exposed to soil conditions has been estimated to range between 500 and 5000 per m 2 [5]. For the analysis, a value of 5000 penetrating pits per m 2 was assumed.…”

“…The maximum pit depth, h, is obtained from the data generated by the NBS and takes the form [5]: The term (A/372) a corrects for the fact that pitting is a statistical process and therefore, the larger the area studied, the higher the probability of a finding a deeper pit [5]. The constant 372 cm 2 is a scaling factor and represents the size of the samples in the NBS study.…”

“…The objective of these calculations is to calculate the area breached by pitting, not the largest pit, thus an estimate of the average size of a penetrating pit. Sullivan determined that given the number of penetrating pits is between 500 and 5000 per m 2 , a value for A of 1 m 2 was appropriate [5]. Thus, the final form of …”