Assessment of Radioactivity and the Associated Hazards in Local and Imported Cement Types used in Sudan

Sam, A.K.; Abbas, Nadjiba

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006440

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Since 98% of the radiological effects of the uraniumseries are produced by radium and its daughter products [32], the contribution from 238 U and the other 226 Ra precursors is usually ignored, so that the Ra eq can be expressed as [33- . On the average, Ra eq concentration was found to be 85.32 Bq/kg for location 1 (Yaounde, the country's capital), 54.88 Bq/kg for location 3 (Douala, the most popular city).…”

Section: Radium Equivalent Activity (Ra Eq )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Radioactivity Contents and Associated Risks in Some Soil Used for Agriculture and Building Materials in Cameroon

Tchokossa¹,

Makon²,

Nemba³

2012

JEP

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A survey of radioactivity content and associated radiological risks was carried out in various soils used for agriculture and building materials in Cameroon by means of a well-calibrated high-purity germanium detector. Soil samples were collected directly from the agricultural farms and the brick's factories, air-dried at room temperature to a constant mass, crushed, sieved and sealed for at least one month before analysis. The specific activity of 238 U ranged from 5.36 ± 0.39 to 51.28 ± 9. ; The mean result obtained for the Representative levels index (I  ), the radium equivalent (Ra eq ), the total absorbed dose rate (ADR), the external hazard index (H ex ), the internal hazard index (H in ) and the Ceasium intervention levels were 0.52, 72.75 Bq·kg , 0.29 Bq·kg −1 and 0.0028 Bq·cm 2 respectively. The discrepan-cies of our data can be attributed to several factors such as past nuclear disasters, geological formation, transport process, etc. Although our results are just some fractions of the international standard limit, but still within the same ranges when compared with those obtained elsewhere. This results also will serve as a baseline data for future inves-tigations.

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Section: Radium Equivalent Activity (Ra Eq )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Radioactivity Contents and Associated Risks in Some Soil Used for Agriculture and Building Materials in Cameroon

Tchokossa¹,

Makon²,

Nemba³

2012

JEP

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“…For the purpose of comparing the radiological effects or activity of materials that contain 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K by a single quantity, which takes into account the radiation hazards associated with them, a common index termed the radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ) is used (Beretka and Mathew 1985;Venturini and Nisti 1997;Roy et al 2000;Sam and Abbas 2001;Farai and Ademola 2005). This activity index provides a useful guideline in regulating the safety standards on radiation protection for the general public residing in standard dwellings.…”

Section: Radium Equivalent Activity and External And Internal Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Natural Radionuclides Content in Some Building Materials in Nigeria by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry

Ademola¹

2008

Health Physics

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This paper presents the findings of a study undertaken to determine the natural radioactivity present in some building materials in Nigeria using a gamma-ray spectrometer with a hyper pure germanium detector. A total of 118 samples of commonly used building materials were collected from manufacturers and suppliers of these materials. The mean radioactivity concentrations measured in the different building materials varied from 9.4 to 62.9, 1.3 to 88.4, and 21.5 to 762.4 Bq kg(-1), respectively, for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K. The average contents of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K for all the samples were 36.3, 46.5, and 320.9 Bq kg(-1), respectively, lower than the world average for building materials (50, 50, and 500 Bq kg(-1)). The calculated mean radium equivalent activity and external and internal hazard indices for the entire sample were lower than United Nation Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation recommended limits and comparable with results of similar studies undertaken in other countries. The mean annual gonadal equivalent doses of some of the samples were higher than the world average value for soil.

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“…………………………………………………… ……… (3) Where Th, and 40 K respectively. The value of this index must be less than unity for the radiation hazard to be negligible [11]. Hex equal to unity corresponds to the upper limit of Ra eq 370 Bq/Kg [10].…”

Section: Measuring Of Exposure Dose and Estimation Of Hazard Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

NORM in Markazia Degasing Station within North Rumaila Oilfield- Southern Iraq

2017

ijs

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Concentration of natural occurring radioactive material (NORM) in Markazia Degasing Station in North Rumaila oilfield (NDS) was measured in this study. Then, radiological assessment due to existing of NORM in different samples including soil, sludge, scale, oil, and water collected from different stages of oil and gas production NDS was done. Radioactivity concentration of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 were measured using gamma spectrometry system based on HPGe detector with efficiency of 30%. The results show that some locations within NDS are contaminated with NORM. The activity in Bq/kg of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 range between 15.19 in oil to 68.73 in sludge, 8.5 in oil to 23.45 in sludge and 80.23 in oil to 319.73 in saline water samples respectively. The places to be more contaminated among the other places within the processing stages of oil and gas production within NDS are dehydrator and desaltor stages. These locations have to be monitored and remediated periodically.Keywords: NORM, Radiological, Oil and Gas, Rumaila, Radioactivity, Radiation. ‫ا‬

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Assessment of Radioactivity and the Associated Hazards in Local and Imported Cement Types used in Sudan

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Radioactivity Contents and Associated Risks in Some Soil Used for Agriculture and Building Materials in Cameroon

Assessment of Radioactivity Contents and Associated Risks in Some Soil Used for Agriculture and Building Materials in Cameroon

Determination of Natural Radionuclides Content in Some Building Materials in Nigeria by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry

NORM in Markazia Degasing Station within North Rumaila Oilfield- Southern Iraq

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