Assessment of radiation dose in nuclear cardiovascular imaging using realistic computational models

Abstract

Purpose: Nuclear cardiology plays an important role in clinical assessment and has enormous impact on the management of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Pediatric patients at different age groups are exposed to a spectrum of radiation dose levels and associated cancer risks different from those of adults in diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. Therefore, comprehensive radiation dosimetry evaluations for commonly used myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and viability radiotracers in target population (children and adults) at different age groups are highly desired. Methods: Using Monte Carlo calculations and biological effects of ionizing radiation VII model, we calculate the S-values for a number of radionuclides and estimate the absorbed dose and effective dose for 12 MPI radiotracers in computational models including the newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-yr-old, and adult male and female computational phantoms. Tc-labeled tracers. However, this advantage is less apparent in children. The produced dosimetric databases for various radiotracers used in cardiovascular imaging, using new generation of computational models, can be used for risk-benefit assessment of a spectrum of patient population in clinical nuclear cardiology practice. C 2015 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [http://dx

High-precisionγ-ray spectroscopy of the cardiac PET imaging isotopeRb82and its impact on dosimetry

“…However, 82 Rb is rapidly becoming the agent of choice for cardiac PET imaging in the USA, Europe, and Asia [1]. This is due to the fact that 82 Rb has higher accuracy when compared to the SPECT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography) imaging agents [2], a short half-life (T 1/2 =76 s), and delivers a lower dose compared with 201 Tl and 99m Tc agents [3].…”

Evaluation of radiation dose to pediatric models from whole body PET/CT imaging

“…As reported in some studies, this behavior could be justified considering the location of the source organ compared to the target organs. 16 Given Table 5, for instance, by increasing the distance between the brain (as the source) and target organs, such as small intestine, kidneys, and colon, the crossabsorbed dose S-value decreased. Mainly, the crossabsorbed dose S-value decreased when the phantom age increased.…”

“…Thus, some researchers evaluated the dose of this procedure for children 18,19 . According to the literature, there are considerable differences between doses reported from stylized and voxel‐based phantoms with different ages and anatomies 16,20,21 . This means that the differences in the whole body properties of various individuals cause uncertainties in the dose values obtained using reference phantoms.…”

“…[13][14][15] Therefore, at the same level of radiation dose, children may experience greater stochastic risks from ionizing radiation. 16 It was reported that lifetime attributable risks of all cancer incidence and mortality for a 10-year-old (male and female) are almost 5.29 and 3.16 times higher than those of an adult at age of 70 years, respectively, and these risks are even higher for younger children. 17 In this regard, the accurate assessment of radiation dose delivered to the younger age group resulting from PET/CT is of paramount importance.…”

Evaluation of diagnostic, therapeutic and dosimetric applications in nuclear medicine, with the development of computational models and the use of Monte Carlo simulations

“…17 in 1999 presented the S-values at voxel level for the dosimetry of non-uniform activity distribution of radiation absorbed dose in body organs and tissues [195]. [197]. The absorbed dose on organs of interest is crucial for children, where significant organ differentiations exist compared to the adult population.…”