“…Prenatal depression is usually accompanied by multiple signs and symptoms, including low mood, fatigue, insomnia, low energy, forgetfulness, irritability, and poor physical and cognitive function ( Dadi et al, 2020 ). Recently, the prevalence of prenatal depression was reported to range from 19.1% to 40.6% ( Sulley et al, 2023 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). Previous studies indicated that prenatal depression is associated with adverse outcomes such as postnatal depression, preeclampsia, and suicide risk ( Lutsiv et al, 2015 ; Roomruangwong et al, 2018a ; Zhang et al, 2022 ), as well as increasing risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and neurodevelopmental delay in infants and children ( Accortt et al, 2015 ; Faleschini et al, 2019 ; Jarde et al, 2016 ; Rogers et al, 2020 ).…”