Assessment of pre‐operative maropitant citrate use in macaque (<i>Macaca fasicularis &amp; Macaca mulatta)</i> neurosurgical procedures

A ‘broad‐spectrum’ anti‐vomiting effect of neurokinin1 receptor antagonists (NK1RA), shown in preclinical animal studies, has been supported by a more limited range of clinical studies in different indications. However, this review suggests that compared with vomiting, the self‐reported sensation of nausea is less affected or possibly unaffected (depending on the stimulus) by NK1 receptor antagonism, a common finding for ‘anti‐emetics’.The stimulus‐independent effects of NK1RAs against vomiting are explicable by actions within the central pattern generator (CPG; ventral brainstem) and the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS; dorsal brainstem), with additional effects on vagal afferent activity for certain stimuli (e.g., highly emetogenic chemotherapy). The CPG and NTS neurones are multifunctional so the notable lack of obvious effects of NK1RAs on other reflexes mediated by the same neurones suggests that their anti‐vomiting action is dependent on the activation state of the pathway leading to vomiting.Nausea requires activation of cerebral pathways by projection of information from the NTS. Although NK1 receptors are present in cerebral nuclei implicated in nausea, and imaging studies show very high receptor occupancy at clinically used doses, the variable or limited ability of NK1RAs to inhibit nausea emphasises (a) our inadequate understanding of the mechanisms of nausea and (b) that classification of a drug as an “anti‐emetic” may give a false impression of efficacy against nausea versus vomiting.We discuss the potential mechanisms for the differential efficacy of NK1RA and the implications for future development of drugs which can effectively treat nausea, an area of unmet clinical need.

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Assessment of pre‐operative maropitant citrate use in macaque (Macaca fasicularis & Macaca mulatta) neurosurgical procedures

Abstract: Maropitant administration prior to anesthesia for neurosurgeries decreased our incidence of POV to 1%. The plasma concentration reaches the proposed plasma level for clinical efficacy approximately 20 minutes after administration.

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Anesthesia and analgesia in nonhuman primates

Anesthesia and analgesia in nonhuman primates

Primates

An assessment of the effects of neurokinin₁ receptor antagonism against nausea and vomiting: Relative efficacy, sites of action and lessons for future drug development

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Assessment of pre‐operative maropitant citrate use in macaque (Macaca fasicularis & Macaca mulatta) neurosurgical procedures

Abstract: Maropitant administration prior to anesthesia for neurosurgeries decreased our incidence of POV to 1%. The plasma concentration reaches the proposed plasma level for clinical efficacy approximately 20 minutes after administration.

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Anesthesia and analgesia in nonhuman primates

Anesthesia and analgesia in nonhuman primates

Primates

An assessment of the effects of neurokinin1 receptor antagonism against nausea and vomiting: Relative efficacy, sites of action and lessons for future drug development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An assessment of the effects of neurokinin₁ receptor antagonism against nausea and vomiting: Relative efficacy, sites of action and lessons for future drug development