Assessment of potentially toxic metals adsorbed on small macroplastics in urban roadside soils in southeastern Nigeria

Enyoh, Christian Ebere; Wang, Qingyue; Eze, Victor Chukwuemeka; Rabin, Mominul Haque; Rakib, Md. Refat Jahan; Verla, Andrew Wirnkor; Ibe, Francis Chizoruo; Duru, Chidi Edbert; Verla, Evelyn Ngozi

doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100122

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Co relationship with all MPs types was negative which is similar to Cu except for PP-S, PCP and PE-CS respectively which was positively weak to moderate. Similar relationships have been obtained for some of the PTEs and MPs types in other studies conducted in the environment [18,83].…”

Section: Correlation Between Mps and Ptessupporting

confidence: 84%

Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa

Enyoh¹,

Wang

Rabin³

et al. 2023

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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Garri from cassava is one of the most consumed foods in West Africa, hence this research was conducted to examine microplastics (MPs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri from Nigeria (West Africa) and Japan. This is the first investigation on MPs in garri samples that has been reported in the literature. The study analyzed both packaged and unpackaged vended garri samples using microscopic/spectroscopic and X-ray fluorescence techniques for MPs and PTEs respectively. Microplastic particles in the garri samples ranged from (or were between) 2.00±2.00 – 175.00±25.16 particles/50 with > 90 % as fragments and consisted of polyacrylamide, polyethylene terepthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride acrylonitrile, polyethylene chlorinated, polypropylene with silicate mix, polychloroprene and polyethylene chlorosulphonated. The mean concentration of PTEs raged from ND to 0.07 mg/g for Cr and Mn, 0.73 to 5.63 mg/g for Fe, ND to 0.57mg/g for Co, 0.23 to 1.21 mg/g for Ni, 0.15 to 1.53 mg/g for Cu, and 0.12 to 0.63 mg/g for Zn. However, their daily intake was low for both adult and children as with the MPs. The sources of MPs and PTEs were mainly from the garri production processes, atmospheric dusts and during packaging. The non-carcinogenic risk for all samples was low for MPs while in openly vended garri, Ni and Cr in all sample poses carcinogenic risks. There is a need to improve indigenous garri processing techniques to minimize contamination. This research emphasizes the critical necessity to understand the consequences of MPs on human health.

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Section: Correlation Between Mps and Ptessupporting

confidence: 84%

Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa

Enyoh¹,

Wang

Rabin³

et al. 2023

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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“…In addition, Enyoh et al [113] observed macroplastics in urban roadside soils in Nigeria. The study measured the amount of small macroplastics (SMaPs) per 30 g of soil, ranging from 20.2 ± 2.59 at Orji Mission to 10.4± 2.6 at Orji Town Primary School.…”

Section: Polymer Types Identified In African Water Systems and Terres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identified polymers through FTIR analysis included PET, PP, PS, PVC, polycarbonate (PC), PE, and macro rubber, with fragments comprising 70% of the SMaPs. Despite the significance of plastic pollution in soil, studies investigating its occurrence and abundance in African countries remain limited [113].…”

Section: Polymer Types Identified In African Water Systems and Terres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Plastic Waste and Microplastic Contamination in African Aquatic Systems: An Imperative for Sustainable Waste Management

Oceng¹,

Andarani²,

Zaman³

2023

ATG

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Escalating issues pertaining to the disposal of plastic waste have emerged as an alarming global concern, underscored by the environmental infiltration of fragmented plastic materials into terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric systems. This predicament is notably amplified within the African continent, where rudimentary waste management infrastructures exacerbate the situation. This review dissects the prevalence, abundance, and distribution of plastic litter and microplastics within diverse environmental compartments (namely, sediments, water bodies, and biota) across Africa. Detailed analysis of existing research findings highlights concentrations of plastic debris and microplastics, identifying the predominant types of polymers and shapes of particles present. It is observed that most African research endeavours have primarily concentrated on microplastics, albeit macroplastics or plastic litter posing substantial challenges as well. Marine environments have been the predominant focus of these studies, with freshwater ecosystems relatively understudied. The geographical focal points of these research efforts were primarily South Africa, Tunisia, and Nigeria. Conversely, a glaring lack of comprehensive studies addressing plastic pollution within terrestrial and atmospheric systems calls for urgent research attention. Documented evidence of plastic ingestion by diverse aquatic and terrestrial fauna, including insects, fish, birds, molluscs, and arthropods, reaffirms the pervasive nature of the problem within African water bodies. An evaluation of existing literature identifies polyester, polyethylene, and polypropylene as the most common types of plastics present within both freshwater and coastal systems. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of these studies failed to adequately characterize the identified plastics, thus obstructing the identification of potential sources. Consequently, it is imperative that future investigations prioritize polymer identification, which can facilitate the development and implementation of efficacious strategies for mitigating plastic pollution and curtailing environmental leakage of plastics.

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“…BPA serve as a precursor/stabiliser; brominated organic compounds such as PBDEs, PBBs and PBPs act as flame retardants in the fabrication of electrical appliances; bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is used as plasticiser; while triclosan is a biocide (Hahladakis et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2021). Plastics have also been reported to act as vectors for chemicals and hydrophobic organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (Chen et al, 2019), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides (Zhang et al, 2015), and also heavy metals (Enyoh et al, 2022b), which are absorbed from the environment (Kumar et al, 2021). Many of these chemicals have been found to be toxic.…”

Section: Chemicals and Additives In Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Wastes in the Aquatic Environment: Ecotoxicological Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

Okeke,

Osineye,

Okeke

2023

Proceedings of the 6th Biennial Conference of Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World Nigeria (OWSD Garden C

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Plastic products are in high demand due to their broad applications, resulting to a corresponding rise in the production of plastics. As a result of poor waste management practices such as uncontrolled open dumping, coastal littering, fishing, shipping and other industrial activities, plastics end up in the aquatic environment, where they accumulate as wastes. Recent studies on the abundance/concentration of plastic wastes in the aquatic environment and their resultant ecotoxicological impacts, as well as possible mitigation strategies were reviewed in this paper. Plastics do not decompose easily, and can break down into smaller particles known as nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) which are excellent vectors and sorbents of persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and pathogenic microbes. NPs and MPs are easily distributed in the environment and also along trophic levels in the food web, and ultimately to humans, while their component chemicals/additives, which are mostly toxic, dissociate and accumulate in living organisms. Multiple studies reported the presence of significant amount of plastics in sediments, water and biota samples. Exposure of aquatic organisms to plastic wastes reportedly caused starvation, entanglement, suffocation, growth retardation, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, reproductive and metabolic disorders, damage of the digestive tract, mortality, etc. They also induced apoptosis, affected the metabolism of sex hormones, and increased the risk of cancer and metabolic disorder in humans. Proposed mitigation strategies for plastic pollution include recycling and conversion of plastic waste to energy and valueadded products, regulations of usage, reduced usage, bans, use of biodegradable plastics, and public awareness programs.

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Assessment of potentially toxic metals adsorbed on small macroplastics in urban roadside soils in southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa

Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa

Quantifying Plastic Waste and Microplastic Contamination in African Aquatic Systems: An Imperative for Sustainable Waste Management

Plastic Wastes in the Aquatic Environment: Ecotoxicological Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

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